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2024, Crypto Currency, Cryptocurrency, Cyberculture, Legal information

EU Sanctions Cryptocurrency Regulation: A Comprehensive Overview

Posted on by FMTAD
EU military defense of cryptocurrency
15
Mar

EU Sanctions Reshape Crypto

EU Sanctions Cryptocurrency, setting a global precedent. This regulatory overhaul aims to curb evasion and unify enforcement, enhancing transaction transparency. Dive into the EU’s strategic measures to fortify its financial system against the misuse of digital currencies.

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Explore our Cyberculture section for detailed information on the EU Sanctions and Cryptocurrency Regulation, authored by Jacques Gascuel, a pioneer in contactless, serverless, databaseless sensitive data security solutions. Stay up to date and secure with our frequent updates.

EU Sanctions Cryptocurrency Regulation: A Comprehensive Overview

The EU is stepping up its regulatory game to combat economic sanction evasion, focusing sharply on the cryptocurrency sector. This move aims to unify sanction application practices across member states and enhance digital financial transaction traceability.

New EU Sanctions Cryptocurrency: A Global Context

Amid rising geopolitical tensions, the EU has bolstered its economic regulations. These measures, targeting cryptocurrency freezes, aim to thwart sanction dodging and standardize enforcement across member states.

EU Parliament’s Landmark Regulation Cryptocurrency

Confronting sanction evasion threats, the EU Parliament has enacted a regulation criminalizing such acts. Offenders now face harsh penalties, underscoring the EU’s commitment to maintaining sanction regime integrity.

Capital Freeze and Criminal Wealth Confiscation

A significant breakthrough, the EU Council and Parliament have agreed on rules for freezing and seizing criminal funds. This regulation extends to cryptocurrencies, highlighting the EU’s resolve to strip criminals of illicit gains.

Cryptocurrency Implications

These recent regulations signal a pivotal shift in the fight against cryptocurrency misuse. The EU’s clear intent is to battle illicit activities and bolster financial security within its borders.

International Comparison of Cryptocurrency Regulations

While the EU adopts stringent measures against Russia, it’s insightful to compare its stance with other global powers. The US exhibits a fragmented regulatory approach, China enforces restrictive policies, and the UK navigates post-Brexit with moderate regulations. This comparison underscores the varied strategies nations employ to address the rapidly evolving cryptocurrency sector.

Cold Wallets: EU Sanctions Cryptocurrency Regulations’ Reach

Cold wallets, designed for offline key and cryptocurrency address storage, fall outside the direct scope of new EU regulations. Devices like EviVault and EviSeed, incorporating NFC and HSM technologies, do not facilitate transaction signing, placing them beyond payment service regulations.

Hardware Wallets: Transaction Signing Scrutiny

Hardware wallets, enabling private key storage and transaction signing, face stricter regulations. The EU aims to prevent these devices from circumventing sanctions, imposing compliance requirements for signed transactions.

Enhancing Previous Directives

The new regulation builds on previous directives like AMLD5, which set anti-money laundering and terrorism financing standards in the cryptocurrency sector. It introduces additional obligations for crypto service providers, focusing on user identity verification and suspicious transaction monitoring.

Comparative Analysis: International Regulatory Approaches

The global landscape of cryptocurrency regulation is diverse and evolving. The PwC Global Crypto Regulation Report 2023 highlights the varying degrees of regulatory development across jurisdictions. For instance, while the EU has made significant strides with the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA), differences in scope and implementation timelines persist when compared to other regions. The United States continues to balance innovation with investor protection, employing a multifaceted regulatory approach. In contrast, China maintains a more restrictive stance, reflecting its broader financial policies.

Inclusion of Regulatory References: MiCA

The Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) represents a landmark in EU financial legislation, establishing uniform market rules for crypto-assets not previously covered by financial services laws. MiCA’s key provisions address transparency, disclosure, authorization, and supervision of transactions, aiming to support market integrity and financial stability. As such, MiCA is a critical reference point for understanding the EU’s approach to digital asset regulation.

Regulations’ Links and Effective Dates

Conclusion

The EU’s latest regulatory measures on cryptocurrency sanctions reflect a proactive stance in addressing the challenges of financial technology. By fortifying sanctions and enhancing compliance, the EU not only aims to deter sanction evasion but also demonstrates its resolve to protect the integrity of its financial system amidst the dynamic digital economy.

2024, DataShielder, Digital Security, PassCypher, Phishing

Midnight Blizzard Cyberattack Against Microsoft and HPE: What are the consequences?

Posted on by FMTAD
Digital world map showing cyberattack paths with Midnight Blizzard, Microsoft, HPE logos, email symbols, and password spray illustrations.
10
Mar

Discover Russian Tactics by Midnight Blizzard

Midnight Blizzard, supported by Russian strategy, targeted Microsoft and HPE, orchestrating sophisticated cyberattacks. We delve into the facts, consequences, and effective protective measures such as PassCypher and DataShielder to combat this type of espionage.

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Explore our digital security feature on the Midnight Blizzard cyberattack against Microsoft and HPE by Jacques Gascuel. Stay updated and secure with our insights.

Updated March 20, 2024

Midnight Blizzard Cyberattack against Microsoft and HPE: A detailed analysis of the facts, the impacts and the lessons to learn

In 2023 and 2024, two IT giants, Microsoft and Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE), which has been using Microsoft 365 as its cloud messaging platform since 2017), fell victim to cyberattacks carried out by a hacker group linked to the Russian government. These attacks allowed hackers to gain access to the internal systems, source code, and sensitive data of companies and their customers. What are the facts, consequences and lessons to be learned from these incidents?

Update: Microsoft 365 Cyberattack Intensifies

Initial Underestimation: Researchers reveal the cyberattack on Microsoft 365 is far more severe than first anticipated.
APT Exploits Data: The APT group, orchestrating the attack, has leveraged exfiltrated data to delve deeper into Microsoft’s network.
Security Experts Raise Concerns: Security professionals express concerns over disjointed defense teams. They fear unidentified vulnerabilities may persist.
Microsoft’s Stance: Popular opinion suggests Microsoft is ‘caught off-guard’ against such sophisticated attacks.
Ongoing Efforts: Microsoft is now bolstering defenses, ensuring tighter coordination across security teams to address these challenges.

For more details, refer to the official Microsoft Security Response Center update.

How were the attacks carried out against Microsoft and HPE?

The attacks on Microsoft and HPE were carried out by the same hacker group, Midnight Blizzard, which is linked to the Russian government. The hackers used the same technique to infiltrate the networks of both companies: compromising Microsoft 365 email. This cloud-based messaging platform is used by many organizations to communicate and collaborate.

“Password Spray” Attack Method Against Microsoft and HPE

The compromise of Microsoft 365’s email and HPE’s email accounts was achieved through a simple but effective method known as “password spraying.” This technique, often used after a brute force attack, involves guessing a password by trying several combinations, usually from previous data breaches.

The hackers used this method to gain access to an old test account on Microsoft’s network. Once they gained access, they were able to infiltrate HPE’s email accounts.

“Password spraying” is a technique where hackers use common passwords to attempt to gain access to multiple accounts on the same domain. Using a list of commonly used weak passwords, a hacker can potentially gain access to hundreds of accounts in a single attack. This differs from “Credential Stuffing”, where a single set of credentials is used to attempt to access different accounts across multiple domains.

In the case of the Midnight Blizzard attack on Microsoft, the hacker group used a password spray attack to compromise a legacy non-productive test account and gain a foothold. They then used the account’s permissions to gain access to a very small percentage of Microsoft’s corporate email accounts, including members of the executive team and employees in cybersecurity, legal, and other functions. They managed to exfiltrate some emails and attached documents.

Once they gained access to email accounts, the hackers were able to exfiltrate sensitive data, such as emails, attachments, source code, and secrets.

Method of attack against Microsoft and HPE customers “phishing, malware or social engineering”

Midnight Blizzard also used this data to carry out subsequent attacks against Microsoft and HPE customers, using phishing, malware, or social engineering techniques.

Why were the attacks successful?

  • Hackers exploited security vulnerabilities such as the lack of multi-factor authentication, the persistence of legacy test accounts, or weak passwords.
  • The hackers acted in a discreet manner, using advanced and persistent techniques, such as encrypting communications, masking IP addresses, or imitating legitimate behavior.
  • The hackers were supported by the Russian government, which provided them with resources, information, and diplomatic protection.

Here’s a diagram that summarizes the steps to Microsoft 365 email compromise:

Microsoft 365 email compromise diagram

Diagram depicting the 'Midnight Blizzard' cyberattack against Microsoft and HPE using password spray tactics.

Stages of Microsoft’s Security Breach

Microsoft endured a multi-phase assault:

November 2023 saw the initial breach when attackers cracked an outdated test account via password spray attacks, cycling through many potential passwords.

By December, those intruders had penetrated select executive and security team email accounts, extracting sensitive emails and documents.

January 2024 brought Microsoft’s detection and countermeasures to thwart further unauthorized access. The company identified Midnight Blizzard, known by aliases such as APT29 and Cozy Bear, as the culprits.

Come March, it was disclosed that the invaders had also accessed Microsoft’s code repositories and internal systems, utilizing the stolen intel for subsequent assaults on Microsoft’s clientele, targeting to exploit vulnerabilities or clone functionalities.

The different consequences of this attack on Microsoft

Consequences for Microsoft and its customers

The attack had significant consequences for Microsoft and its customers. On the one hand, Microsoft had to tighten its security measures, notify affected customers, investigate the extent of the compromise, and restore trust in its services.

On the other hand, Microsoft’s customers faced the risk of being targeted by subsequent attacks using information stolen from Microsoft, such as secrets, source code, or sensitive data. Some customers may have suffered financial losses, reputational damage, or privacy breaches.

Geopolitical consequence

The attack also had geopolitical consequences, as it revealed the Russian government’s involvement in large-scale cyber espionage operations against Western interests. It has drawn condemnation from several countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, France and Germany, which have called for a coordinated and proportionate response to the threat. It also reinforced the need to strengthen international cooperation on cybersecurity and to define common standards to prevent conflicts in cyberspace.

Steps to attack HPE

Midnight Blizzard executed the attack on HPE, leveraging Microsoft 365 email for entry—the platform HPE adopted in 2017.

Initially, in May 2023, the hackers infiltrated SharePoint, extracting a select set of files. Post-breach, HPE, alongside cybersecurity experts, promptly engaged in containment and recovery efforts.

Come December, new breaches surfaced; targeted mailboxes related to cybersecurity and business operations were compromised. These intrusions were suspected to be connected to the earlier SharePoint incident.

Finally, in January 2024, HPE disclosed the breach to the SEC, affirming the implementation of measures to remove the threat, alert impacted clients, gauge the breach’s scope, and reinstate service integrity.

The different consequences of this attack on HPE

First, the attack had similar consequences to the attack on Microsoft, but on a smaller scale.

Restoring trust in its services to their customersOn the one hand, HPE had to strengthen its security measures, inform affected customers, and restore trust in its services. HPE’s customers faced the risk of being targeted by subsequent attacks using information stolen from HPE, such as sensitive data.

Justify the lack of economic impact as a result of this attack

On the other hand, HPE stated that the incident did not have a material impact on its operations, financial condition or results of operations.

The similarities and differences between the two attacks

Both attacks were carried out by the same hacking group, Midnight Blizzard, which is linked to the Russian government. Both attacks used the same means of access, Microsoft 365 email, which is a cloud-based email platform used by many organizations. Both attacks allowed hackers to exfiltrate sensitive data, such as emails, attachments, source code, or secrets. Both attacks had consequences for the victim companies, their customers, and geopolitics.

There were also differences between the two attacks. The attack on Microsoft was longer, deeper, and more widespread than the attack on HPE. The attack on Microsoft lasted several months, while the attack on HPE lasted a few weeks. The attack on Microsoft allowed the attackers to gain access to the company’s source code repositories and internal systems, while the attack on HPE was limited to email and SharePoint files. The attack on Microsoft affected thousands of customers, while the attack on HPE did not specify how many customers were affected.

What types of data does Midnight Blizzard exfiltrate?

What types of data does Midnight Blizzard exfiltrate?

Midnight Blizzard is the name given to a group of cybercriminals who have carried out cyber attacks against Microsoft, HPE, and their customers. This group is also known as Nobelium, Cozy Bear, or APT29. It managed to break into these companies’ cloud email systems and steal sensitive data. Microsoft said that Midnight Blizzard also accessed some of its source code and internal systems, but that it did not compromise Microsoft-hosted client systems.

“In recent weeks, we have seen Midnight Blizzard [Nobelium] use information initially exfiltrated from our corporate email systems to obtain, or attempt to obtain, unauthorized access,” Microsoft said in a blog post. “This includes access to some of the company’s source code repositories and internal systems. To date, we have found no evidence that Microsoft-hosted client systems have been compromised.”

Midnight Blizzard Exfiltrated Data Category

The data exfiltrated by Midnight Blizzard can be grouped into three main categories:

Communication data

Communication data is data that relates to interactions between Microsoft and HPE employees, partners, or customers. They include emails, attachments, contacts, calendars, notes, or instant messages. This data may contain confidential, strategic or personal information, such as trade secrets, project plans, contracts, reports, opinions, identifiers. This data was exfiltrated at Microsoft and HPE.

Source code data

Source code data is data that relates to the development of Microsoft’s products or services. They include files, repositories, versions, comments, or tests related to the source code. This data may reveal technical, functional, or security information, such as algorithms, architectures, features, vulnerabilities, patches, or backdoors. This data was exfiltrated only at Microsoft.

Internal system data

Communication and internal system data is data that relates to the exchange and operation of Microsoft and HPE’s internal systems. This includes emails, attachments, contacts, calendars, notes, instant messages, files, configurations, logs, audits, or scans of internal systems. This data may contain confidential, strategic or personal information, such as trade secrets, project plans, contracts, reports, opinions, identifiers. This data can also provide information about the performance, security, or reliability of internal systems. This data was exfiltrated at Microsoft and HPE.

What are the estimated values of the data exfiltrated by Midnight Blizzard?

It is difficult to estimate the exact value of the data exfiltrated by Midnight Blizzard, as it depends on several factors, such as the quantity, quality, freshness, rarity, or usefulness of the data. However, an approximate range can be attempted based on official sources or existing studies.

HPE’s SEC filing indicates that the security incident’s repercussions on their operational, financial, or business performance were minimal. This suggests the exfiltrated data’s worth is on the lower end, possibly just a few thousand dollars. On the other hand, Microsoft’s annual report documents a staggering $168.1 billion in revenue for 2023, with $60.7 billion attributed to their cloud division. Such figures lead to the conclusion that the stolen data from Microsoft could be highly valuable, potentially in the millions. Further, the Ponemon Institute’s study reports the average data breach cost in 2023 at $4.24 million, the highest to date, encompassing various associated costs. These costs include activities like detection and response, as well as indirect losses like diminished productivity and tarnished reputation. Therefore, it stands to reason that the value of data taken from Microsoft and HPE’s customers is similarly high, potentially reaching tens of millions of dollars.

What are the potential consequences of the data exfiltrated by Midnight Blizzard?

The data exfiltrated by Midnight Blizzard can have serious potential consequences for the victim companies, their customers, and geopolitics. Here are a few examples:

  • Communication data can be used to carry out phishing, malware, or social engineering attacks, impersonating trusted individuals, exploiting security vulnerabilities, or manipulating emotions. These attacks can aim to steal other data, take control of systems, destroy or alter data, or extort ransoms.
  • Source code data can be used to discover and exploit vulnerabilities, to copy or modify functionality, to create competing products or services, or to infringe intellectual property. These actions may adversely affect the security, quality, innovation, or competitiveness of Microsoft or HPE products or services.
  • Internal system data may be used to understand and disrupt Microsoft or HPE’s operations, organization, or performance, to reveal sensitive or confidential information, to create false information or rumors, or to influence decisions or behaviors. These actions may damage the reputation, trust, satisfaction, or loyalty of Microsoft or HPE customers, partners, or employees.

How could PassCypher HSM have prevented the cyberattack on Microsoft and HPE?

The cyberattack on Microsoft and HPE used weak or reused passwords to access email accounts. PassCypher NFC HSM or PassCypher HSM PGP is a hardware-based password manager, which allows you to create and use strong, unique, and random passwords, without knowing, remembering, displaying, or entering them manually. It uses Freemindtronic’s EviCore HSM PGP or EviCore NFC HSM technology to communicate contactlessly with compatible devices, and has a complicated and complex random password generator with self-entropy control based on shannon mathematical calculation.

With PassCypher NFC HSM or PassCypher HSM PGP solutions, users can effectively protect themselves against password spray attacks quickly, easily, and even free of charge. This is because PassCypher HSM PGP is originally completely free. He presented for the first time in Marseille on 6-7 March 2024 at AccessSecurity at the PhosPhorus Technology stand, partner of Fullsecure Andorra.

How could DataShielder have protected email messages and email attachments from being exfiltrated by hackers?

As you read more in this article, the cyberattack against Microsoft and HPE exfiltrated communication data, such as emails, attachments, contacts, notes, or instant messages. DataShielder NFC HSM or DataShielder HSM PGP are solutions for encrypting post-quantum data via NFC HSM or HSM PGP. Users encrypt and decrypt their communication data, only from their HSMs via physically outsourced segmented keys from the IT or phone systems. It works without a server or database and without any dependency on the security of communication systems. Of course, without the need to connect to an online service, or entrust your encryption keys to a third party. They have a random AES-256 encryption key generator. In particular, it embeds Freemindtronic’s EviCypher technology, which also encrypts webmail such as Outlook. With DataShielder solutions, users can protect themselves from data exfiltration by hackers and ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of their communications.

Recommendations to protect yourself from cyber threats

The cyberattacks against Microsoft and HPE show that cyber threats are real, growing, and sophisticated. They also show that businesses of all sizes, industries, and locations need to take cybersecurity seriously and adopt best practices to protect themselves effectively. Here are some recommendations:

  • Enable multi-factor authentication, which involves requiring two or more credentials to log in to an account, such as a password and a code sent via SMS or email. This helps reduce the risk of being compromised by a password spray attack.
  • Review account permissions, which determine access rights to company resources and data. This helps limit the risk of an attack spreading from a compromised account.
  • Monitor suspicious activity, which may indicate an attempted or successful attack, such as unusual logins, file changes, data transfers, or security alerts. This makes it possible to detect and stop an attack as early as possible.
  • Use security solutions that provide protection, detection, and response to cyber threats, such as antivirus, firewalls, intrusion detection and prevention systems, or monitoring and analytics services. This makes it possible to strengthen the security of the information system and to benefit from the expertise of cybersecurity professionals.
  • Educate users, who are often the weakest link in the security chain, and who can fall victim to phishing, malware, or social engineering. This includes training them in good cybersecurity practices, informing them of the risks and instructions to follow in the event of an incident, and encouraging them to adopt responsible and vigilant behavior.

In conclusion

In conclusion, Midnight Blizzard’s cyberattacks expose critical vulnerabilities in global tech infrastructure. Through these incidents, we learn the importance of robust security measures like PassCypher and DataShielder. Moving forward, adopting advanced defenses and staying informed are key to combating future threats. Let’s embrace these lessons and protect our digital world.

Sources:

2024, Cyberculture, Uncategorized

Chinese cyber espionage: a data leak reveals the secrets of their hackers

Posted on by FMTAD
02
Mar

Unprecedented Data Leaks Expose Chinese Cyber Espionage Programs

Following an unprecedented data leak from a Beijing regime hacking service provider, the secrets of Chinese cyberespionage are revealed. The I-Soon company is said to have infiltrated dozens of strategic targets around the world. This is what you will discover here by reading this brief cyberculture. Unprecedented data leaks reveal China’s cyberespionage program.
Following an unprecedented data leak from a Beijing regime hacking service provider, the secrets of Chinese cyberespionage are revealed. Based on the analysis of this data, it appears that the I-Soon company has infiltrated dozens of strategic targets around the world. This is what you will discover here by reading this brief Cyberculture.

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Read the secrets of Chinese cyber espionage revealed by an unprecedented data leak, written by Jacques Gascuel, a pioneer of contactless, serverless and databaseless sensitive data security solutions. Stay up to date and secure with our frequent updates..

Chinese cyber espionage I-Soon: A data leak reveals the secrets of their hackers

Chinese cyber espionage poses a serious threat to the security and stability of the world. Many countries and organizations face hackers who try to steal sensitive information, disrupt critical infrastructure, or influence political outcomes. One of the most active and sophisticated cyber espionage actors is China, which has a large and diverse hacking program. But how does China conduct its cyber operations? What methods, targets, and objectives does it have? And how can we protect ourselves from its attacks?

In this brief, we will explore these questions of Chinese cyber espionage, based on a recent data leak that revealed the inner workings of a Chinese cybersecurity vendor working for the Chinese government. The vendor, I-Soon, is a private contractor that operates as an advanced persistent threat (APT) for hire, serving the Chinese Ministry of Public Security (MPS). The leaked data, published on GitHub, contains hundreds of documents that document I-Soon’s Chinese cyber espionage activities, from staff complaints to hacking tools and services.

We will also look at some of the solutions that exist to counter the cyber espionage threat, both from a technical and a strategic perspective. We will focus on the solutions developed by Freemindtronic, an Andorran company that specializes in security and encryption technologies, based on the NFC HSM (Near Field Communication and Hardware Security Module) technology. We will also examine the means of counter espionage against the methods of I-Soon, which are varied and sophisticated.

I-Soon data leak reveals insight into Chinese cyber espionage hacking program

The I-Soon data leak is a significant revelation in Chinese cyber espionage, as it offers a rare glimpse into the inner workings of a major spyware and APT-for-hire provider. The leak exposes I-Soon’s methods, tools and goals, as well as the challenges and frustrations of its staff.

According to the leaked data, I-Soon infiltrated several government agencies, including those from India, Thailand, Vietnam, South Korea, and NATO. Some of the tools that I-Soon used are impressive. For example, they had a tool that could steal the user’s Twitter email and phone number, read personal messages, and publish tweets on the user’s behalf. They also had custom Remote Access Trojans (RATs) for Windows, iOS, and Android, that could perform various malicious actions, such as keylogging, file access logging, process management, and remote shell. They also had portable devices for attacking networks from the inside, and special equipment for operatives working abroad to establish safe communication.

The leak also reveals some of the challenges and difficulties that I-Soon faced, such as losing access to some of their data seized from government agencies, dealing with corrupt officials, and working in sensitive regions like Xinjiang. The leak also shows some of the internal complaints and grievances of I-Soon’s staff, such as low pay, poor management, and lack of recognition.

The leak is a treasure trove of intel for cybersecurity researchers and analysts, as it provides a rare insight into the day-to-day operations of China’s hacking program, which the FBI says is the biggest of any country. The leak also raises serious concerns for the security and sovereignty of the countries and organizations targeted by I-Soon, as it exposes the extent and the impact of China’s cyber espionage activities.

In summary, the I-Soon data leak exposed the secrets of Chinese cyber espionage, which poses a major challenge to world security and stability. Faced with this threat, it is necessary to strengthen cooperation and defense in cybersecurity, while respecting the principles of freedom and transparency on the internet. It is also important to understand China’s motivations and objectives, in order to find peaceful and lasting solutions.

Reactions and challenges to the Chinese cyber espionage threat

The revelation of the I-Soon data leak comes amid growing tensions between China and its rivals, notably the United States, which regularly accuses it of carrying out cyberattacks against their interests. China, for its part, denies any involvement and presents itself as a victim of cyberwar. Faced with this threat, the countries targeted by I-Soon are calling for strengthening their cooperation and defense in cybersecurity.

For example, the European Union adopted a legal framework in 2023 to impose sanctions on perpetrators of cyberattacks, including China. Likewise, NATO has recognized cyberspace as a domain of operation, and affirmed its willingness to retaliate in the event of an attack. Finally, democratic countries have launched initiatives to promote the values ​​of freedom and transparency on the internet, such as the Partnership for an Open and Secure Cyberspace.

However, these efforts remain insufficient to confront the Chinese threat, which has considerable resources and sophisticated strategies. It is therefore necessary to develop a global and coordinated approach, which involves governments, businesses, organizations and citizens. This would involve strengthening the resilience of information systems, sharing information and good practices, raising users’ awareness of the risks and opportunities of cyberspace, and promoting constructive dialogue with China.

The solutions of Freemindtronic against the cyber espionage threat

Facing the cyber espionage threat, especially from China, requires effective and adapted solutions, both from a technical and a strategic perspective. One of the companies that offers such solutions is Freemindtronic, an Andorran company that develops security and encryption technologies, based on the NFC HSM (Near Field Communication and Hardware Security Module) technology. The NFC HSM technology allows to create hardware security modules on any type of device, that ensure the encryption and the signature of any data, without contact, without energy source, and without internet connection.

Freemindtronic offers several solutions against the cyber espionage DataShielder Defense NFC HSM: a solution for sovereign communications, that allows to encrypt and sign any data on any type of device, with an unmatched level of confidentiality and trust. DataShielder uses the EviCore HSM OpenPGP technology, which is interoperable, retrocompatible, and versatile. DataShielder allows to customize the security of secrets, and to meet various specific needs.

  • PassCypher NFC HSM: a solution for the management and storage of passwords, that allows to create, store, and use complex and secure passwords, without having to remember or enter them. PassCypher uses the EviPass NFC HSM technology, as well as the NFC HSM devices of Freemindtronic, EviTag and EviCard. PassCypher offers a maximum security and a simplicity of use.
  • PassCypher HSM PGP: a solution for the management and storage of PGP keys, that allows to create, store, and use PGP keys, certificates, and signatures, without having to remember or enter them. PassCypher uses the EviCore HSM OpenPGP technology, as well as a hybrid solution via a web extension. PassCypher works without server and without database, and stores the encrypted containers on any storage device, protected by a post-quantum AES-256 encryption.

These solutions of Freemindtronic allow to protect oneself from the cyber espionage threat, by encrypting and signing the data, by managing and storing the passwords and the keys, and by communicating in a confidential and sovereign way. They are based on the NFC HSM technology, which guarantees a hardware and software security, without contact, without energy source, and without internet connection.

The means of counter espionage against the methods of I-Soon

Against the methods of cyber espionage of I-Soon, which are varied and sophisticated, the countries and organizations targeted must implement effective and adapted means of counter espionage. These means can be of several types:

  • Preventive: they consist of strengthening the security of the information systems, by using up-to-date software, antivirus, firewall, complex passwords, encryption protocols, etc. They also consist of training the users to good practices, such as not opening suspicious attachments or links, not disclosing confidential information, not using public or unsecured networks, etc.
  • Defensive: they consist of detecting and blocking the intrusion attempts, by using tools of surveillance, analysis, tracing, filtering, neutralization, etc. They also consist of reacting quickly and limiting the damage, by isolating the compromised systems, backing up the data, alerting the competent authorities, communicating transparently, etc.
  • Offensive: they consist of retaliating and deterring the attackers, by using tools of counter-attack, disinformation, sabotage, sanction, etc. They also consist of cooperating with the allies and partners, by sharing the information, the evidence, the strategies, the resources, etc.

These means of counter espionage must be adapted to the specificities of the methods of I-Soon, which are varied and sophisticated. For example, to face the security flaws, it is necessary to use trustworthy software, verify their integrity, and update them regularly. To face the malware, it is necessary to use efficient antivirus, scan the systems regularly, and clean them in case of infection. To face the social engineering techniques, it is necessary to raise the awareness of the users, verify the identity and the credibility of the interlocutors, and not let oneself be influenced or corrupted.

Chinese cyberespionage statistics

The I-Soon data leak constitutes unprecedented testimony to the scale and impact of Chinese cyberespionage, which is based on close collaboration between the authorities and the private sector. Here are some statistics that illustrate the phenomenon:

China spent at least US$6.6 billion on cyber censorship in 2020, according to the Jamestown Foundation.

According to official sources, at least 2 million people were working for China’s cyberespionage system in 2013, a number that has almost certainly increased over the past eight years.
GreatFire, a censorship monitoring organization in China, estimates that 16% of the world’s 1,000 most visited websites are currently blocked in China.
In 2022, ANSSI handled 19 cyber defense operations and major incidents, compared to 17 in 2021. Nine of them were intrusions attributed to Chinese actors.

In conclusion, the means of counter espionage against the methods of I-Soon are essential to protect the interests and the sovereignty of the countries and organizations targeted. They must be implemented in a coordinated and proportionate way, respecting the principles of legality and legitimacy.

2024, Cyberculture

Cyber Resilience Act: a European regulation to strengthen the cybersecurity of digital products

Posted on by FMTAD
European Commission logo symbolizing the Cyber Resilience Act and NFC HSM technology.
24
Feb

The CRA: Strengthening Cybersecurity Across the EU

Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) is a pivotal European regulation, enhancing cybersecurity standards for digital products. This legislation aims to safeguard users and businesses from cyber threats, ensure market competitiveness, and foster innovation in the cybersecurity field. In this article, we delve into the CRA’s essential features, its advantages and potential challenges, and the implications for manufacturers and distributors of digital products. Discover how the CRA aims to fortify digital security and resilience throughout the European Union.

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Stay informed with our posts dedicated to Cyberculture to track its evolution through our regularly updated topics.

Explore our Cyberculture section for detailed information on the Cyber ​​Resilience Act CRA, authored by Jacques Gascuel, a pioneer in contactless, serverless, databaseless sensitive data security solutions. Stay up to date and secure with our frequent updates.

The Cyber Resilience Act: a European regulation to strengthen the cybersecurity of digital products

The Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) is a European regulation that imposes cybersecurity standards on digital products. It aims to protect users and businesses from cyber threats, harmonise the digital internal market and support innovation in cybersecurity. In this article, we’ll walk you through the key features of the CRA, its pros and cons, and its implications for manufacturers and distributors of digital products.

Introduction au Cyber Resilience Act (CRA)

The EU proposed the Cyber Resilience Act in 2022 to set uniform safety standards for products with digital components, such as internet-connected devices, software and online services. These products can be exposed to cyberattacks that affect their availability, integrity and confidentiality. The CRA aims to protect users and businesses from these risks, by requiring common rules for market entry and cybersecurity measures throughout the product lifecycle. It also establishes a CE marking system to indicate compliance with cybersecurity standards. Moreover, the CRA distinguishes critical products, which have higher obligations according to their level of criticality. The CRA is part of the 2020 EU Cybersecurity Strategy, which seeks to enhance the EU’s collective resilience against cyber threats and foster a secure and trustworthy digital environment for all.

The CRA was approved by the Council and the Parliament in november 2023, and will enter into force in 2024, 20 days after its publication in the Official Journal of the EU. However, it will not be applicable until 2027, to allow a transition period for existing products and software. Moreover, the CRA will be revised every five years, to adapt to technological developments and stakeholder needs.

In this subject, we will explain the main provisions of the CRA, its pros and cons, and its impact on the digital market and society. So,the CRA aims to increase the security and resilience of digital systems in the EU, by imposing strict and binding requirements for the design, development and maintenance of digital products. It also introduces a CE marking system for digital products, ensuring their compliance with established cybersecurity standards.

Strengthening the EU’s Cybersecurity Framework: The Provisional Agreement on the Cyber Resilience Act

A Milestone for a Secure Digital Single Market

The Council presidency and the European Parliament have struck a landmark agreement on the proposed Cyber Resilience Act (CRA), taking a major step forward in fortifying the European Union’s cybersecurity landscape. This critical legislation outlines EU-wide cybersecurity requirements for digital products, addressing the urgent need for a harmonized approach to securing connected devices before they reach consumers.

Hailed as a crucial step by Spanish Minister of Digital Transformation José Luis Escrivá, the agreement emphasizes the essential need for a basic cybersecurity level for all connected devices sold within the EU, ensuring robust protection for both businesses and consumers.

Key Features and Amendments of the Agreement

The provisional agreement preserves the core principles of the European Commission’s proposal, focusing on several key areas:

  • Rebalancing Compliance Responsibility: Manufacturers now take primary responsibility, handling tasks like risk assessments, conformity declarations, and cooperation with authorities.
  • Vulnerability Handling: The agreement mandates processes for manufacturers to ensure ongoing cybersecurity and outlines specific obligations for importers and distributors as well.
  • Transparency and Consumer Protection: Measures are introduced to enhance transparency regarding the security of both hardware and software for consumers and businesses, empowering informed decision-making.
  • Market Surveillance Framework: A robust framework will enforce the regulations, ensuring compliance and safeguarding the EU’s digital space.

Co-legislators have also proposed adjustments, including:

  • Simplified Product Classification: A streamlined approach for classifying regulated digital products, facilitating easier compliance and understanding.
  • Product Lifetime Determination: Manufacturers must specify the expected lifespan of digital products, with a minimum five-year support period, unless shorter use is anticipated.
  • Reporting Obligations: A focus on reporting actively exploited vulnerabilities and incidents, enhancing the role of national authorities and ENISA in managing cybersecurity threats.

Looking Forward: Implementation and Impact

With the provisional agreement in place, technical work continues to finalize the regulation’s details. The compromise text will be presented for endorsement by member states, marking a critical moment in the EU’s journey towards a cohesive and secure digital ecosystem.

The CRA is set to apply three years after enactment, providing manufacturers with ample time to adapt. Additionally, specific support measures for small and micro enterprises have been agreed upon, including awareness-raising, training, and assistance with testing and compliance procedures.

The Path to the Cyber Resilience Act

This provisional agreement marks the culmination of a journey that began with the Council’s 2020 conclusions on the cybersecurity of connected devices, emphasizing the need for comprehensive legislation. Reflecting the urgency expressed by Commission President von der Leyen in 2021 and subsequent Council conclusions, the CRA proposal submitted by the Commission in September 2022 aims to complement the existing EU cybersecurity framework, including the NIS Directive and the EU Cybersecurity Act.

This agreement represents a significant milestone in the EU’s commitment to enhancing cybersecurity resilience, marking a new era of digital product security and consumer protection across the Union.

Business Requirements and Responsibilities

Under the CRA, manufacturers and distributors of digital products are required to ensure the compliance of their offerings from the moment they are placed on the market and throughout their lifecycle. This involves actively monitoring for vulnerabilities and working closely with security researchers to identify and fix potential vulnerabilities within 90 days of discovery.

Cooperation and Sanctions

Another cornerstone of the CRA is the enhanced cooperation between EU Member States and the European Commission to monitor the application of the Regulation. In the event of non-compliance, companies risk severe penalties, up to 10% of their annual global turnover. This underlines the EU’s commitment to ensuring a high level of digital security.

Application and Exclusions of the CRA

The CRA applies to a wide range of digital products, with the notable exception of those already regulated by other EU legislation, such as medical devices or vehicles. Its aim is to close legislative gaps and strengthen coherence in the field of cybersecurity.

Conclusion and Outlook

Following its approval by the Council of the EU and the European Parliament, the CRA is scheduled to enter into force in early 2024. Manufacturers then have 36 months to comply with the new rules. This initiative marks an important step towards a more secure and resilient European Union in the face of digital threats.

Benefits of the Cyber Resilience Act for the Digital Ecosystem

The Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) is envisaged not only as a regulatory framework, but also as a lever for improving cybersecurity at the European Union level. It brings several significant benefits, both for users and for the digital economy as a whole.

Strengthening Consumer and Business Protection

One of the main strengths of the CRA is its ability to raise the level of security for consumers and businesses. By imposing high and constantly updated cybersecurity standards, the regulation ensures that digital products purchased or used offer optimal protection against cyber threats. This helps to create a safer digital environment for all.

Harmonization of the Digital Internal Market

The CRA plays a crucial role in harmonising cybersecurity rules across the EU. By eliminating the fragmentation and divergence of national laws, it facilitates the free movement of digital products within the Single Market. This is essential to support economic integration and boost intra-European trade in digital solutions.

Driving Innovation in Cybersecurity

Finally, the CRA is a driver of innovation in the cybersecurity sector. By increasing demand for secure digital products, it encourages investment in research and development. This dynamic creates valuable opportunities for European companies, allowing them to stand out as leaders in the field of cybersecurity on the global stage.

In sum, the benefits of the CRA are manifested in enhanced protection for users, regulatory harmonisation beneficial to the European single market, and increased support for innovation in the cybersecurity sector. Through these measures, the CRA aims to establish a solid foundation for a safe, competitive and innovative digital ecosystem in the European Union.

Analysis of the Challenges Posed by the Cyber Resilience Act

The Cyber Resilience Act (CRA), while aiming to strengthen digital security within the European Union, raises concerns about its potential impact on various aspects of the digital landscape. These drawbacks deserve special attention to understand the challenges associated with the implementation of this legislation.

Impact on Vulnerability Disclosure

A major criticism is the possible reluctance of security researchers to report discovered vulnerabilities. The fear of sanctions or legal action, due to failure to comply with deadlines or procedures dictated by the CRA, could deter these key players from sharing their findings, thus limiting collective efforts to strengthen cybersecurity.

Effects on Free and Open-Source Software

The CRA is also suspected of slowing down the development and adoption of free and open-source software. The latter, known for their security and transparency, could be subject to disproportionate and onerous compliance requirements. These risks hindering innovation and the use of these valuable resources in the digital ecosystem.

Standardization of Disclosure Models

Another sticking point is the potential reduction in the effectiveness and diversity of vulnerability disclosure models. The one-size-fits-all and rigid approach advocated by the CRA may not be appropriate for all situations, requiring flexibility to adapt to the specifics of each case.

Potentially disproportionate penalties

The penalties envisaged by the CRA for non-compliance are considered by some to be excessive. The prospect of severe financial penalties could jeopardize the economic viability of digital manufacturers and distributors, as well as their ability to innovate. This approach could, therefore, have negative repercussions for the entire digital sector.

In sum, although the CRA aims to establish a strengthened security framework for the European Digital Space, it is crucial to assess and address its possible negative impacts. Careful consideration of these issues will allow the regulation to be adjusted and refined so that it effectively supports cybersecurity without hindering innovation or collaboration in the digital domain.

Cyber Resilience Act Compliance Guide for the Digital Industry

The Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) is a major initiative by the European Union to increase cybersecurity across its Member States. Compliance with this regulation requires a series of targeted and structured actions, applicable to both manufacturers and distributors of digital products.

Actions Required for Digital Product Manufacturers

  • Conducting Cyber Risk Assessments: The first step involves analyzing and documenting the risks associated with the products. This includes identifying threats, vulnerabilities, impacts, and protective measures, with this information regularly updated.
  • Application of the CE Marking and Information to Users: Products must bear the CE marking, a symbol of their compliance with EU safety standards. It is essential to provide comprehensive information on the cybersecurity characteristics of products, including conditions of use and maintenance.
  • Security Updates: Manufacturers must establish and maintain procedures for updating the security of products, ensuring the ability of products to receive and install these updates. Proactive communication about the need for and availability of updates is crucial.
  • Vulnerability Reporting: Discovered or reported vulnerabilities must be reported within 90 days. It is important to communicate corrective actions to users using appropriate channels and adhering to the principles of responsible disclosure.
  • Cooperation with Cybersecurity Authorities: Collaboration with competent authorities, participation in audits and provision of the necessary documents for compliance verification are key elements.

Obligations of Digital Product Distributors

  • Product Conformity Verification: Distributors must ensure that the products marketed comply with the requirements of the CRA, including the CE marking. They must also provide adequate information about the cybersecurity of the products.
  • Security Update Information and Support: Distributors are responsible for notifying users of security updates and assisting them with their installation. Communication about vulnerabilities and remediation is also required.
  • Audit and Cooperation with Authorities: Submission to controls, cooperation with competent authorities and provision of the necessary information to demonstrate compliance are essential.

Importance of Compliance

Failure to comply with CRA guidelines can result in significant penalties, including fines of up to 10% of annual worldwide turnover. The adoption of internal compliance and governance mechanisms is therefore crucial to avoid such consequences.

CRA compliance is not only a legal imperative but also an opportunity to improve the security and resilience of the European digital ecosystem. With these measures, the digital industry makes a significant contribution to data protection and user trust in digital technologies.

Which products are covered by the Cyber Resilience Act?

General definition of the products concerned

The CRA applies to all products with digital elements that are directly or indirectly connected to another device or network, with the exception of those already covered by other EU rules, such as medical devices, aviation or cars. The CRA aims to fill gaps and ensure consistency in existing cybersecurity legislation.

Distinguishing between critical and non-critical products

The CRA applies to a wide range of products with digital components, such as internet-connected devices, software and online services. However, not all products are subject to the same level of scrutiny and obligations. The CRA distinguishes between critical and non-critical products, based on the level of risk they pose to users and society.

The scope of the CRA

The CRA covers all products that have a digital component and that are connected directly or indirectly to another device or network. This includes all connected hardware (computers, phones, household appliances, cars, toys, virtual assistive devices, etc.) as well as systems such as VPNs, antivirus, password managers, software essential to the management of cloud services, or the operating systems of the aforementioned hardware.

For the sake of clarity, the draft CRA provides a list of affected products and software. However, this list is not exhaustive and may be updated by the Commission to take into account technological developments.

The classification of critical products

As you will discover by reading further, this CRA regulation makes a distinction between a general category of products containing digital elements, and those considered “critical”. The latter category represents 10% of the objects covered by this regulation. While critical products are those which, if compromised, would have significant impacts on the security of property and people as well as society.

In summary, this regulation is subdivided into critical products and two other classes according to the level of criticality of the risks. Thus, depending on the class to which they belong, software or hardware will be subject to more or less strict supervision and obligations.

The obligations for different classes of products

To streamline the understanding of the impact of the Cyber ​​Resilience Act (CRA) on product classes, let’s take a look at this simplified guide. This is a table that succinctly classifies products according to their criticality under CRA regulations. As a result, this has the advantage of highlighting the specific obligations as well as their impacts on manufacturers and their potential effects on the market. Therefore, this has the effect of presenting this information in a clear and organized manner. We also aim to facilitate the smooth adaptation process for stakeholders to this Cyber ​​Resilience Act regulation. So prepare now to take this information into account to effectively improve and anticipate your strategies. Anticipate your compliance with its new and evolving European cybersecurity standards.

Table 2: CRA Obligations by Product Class
Product Class Obligations Impact on Manufacturers Market Effects
Most Critical
  • Certification by an independent body before market entry.
  • Incurs significant costs and delays.
  • May hinder innovation and competitiveness, especially in electronics and embedded systems.
Intermediate
  • Self-assessment and declaration of conformity by manufacturers.
  • Reduces administrative burden and time to market.
  • Demands high responsibility and transparency.
Less Critical
  • Compliance with essential requirements, no formal certification needed.
  • Ensures basic security levels without excessive costs.
  • Enhances trust in less critical digital products.

Key Insights:

  • First, the Cyber ​​Resilience Act classifies products based on their impact on cybersecurity and imposes specific compliance obligations on them.
  • This is why the most critical products are subject to strict certification processes.
  • In fact, this affects market dynamics. Whereas, intermediate and less critical classes follow simplified compliance pathways. This balances security needs and market viability.
  • Finally, this concise overview facilitates informed decision making and strategic planning for market positioning and observation.

Navigating the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA): A Quick Guide

We’ve compiled a simplified guide to help you quickly navigate the complexities of the Cyber ​​Resilience Act (CRA). Thus, this table details the objectives of this regulation on the products it covers and the essential requirements it imposes. Additionally, it also highlights the main benefits and potential obstacles of the law. Thus, this brief overview aims to inform you of the essential knowledge to understand and adapt to the implications of the ARC. By familiarizing yourself with these critical aspects now, you can advantageously stay one step ahead. This therefore guarantees you preparation for the expected developments over three years in the cybersecurity landscape within the EU by 2027.

Table 1: Overview of the CRA

Aspect Details
Aim of the CRA
  • To strengthen the cybersecurity of products and software within the EU.
Covered Products and Software
  • Hardware: Smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, desktops, laptops, routers, smart home appliances, POS systems, medical devices, etc.
  • Software: Operating systems (Windows, macOS, Linux), browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Safari), mobile apps, security software, cloud services, etc.
  • Data Storage/Processing: Hard drives, cloud storage, PCs, servers, software handling sensitive data.
Key Requirements
  • Conduct risk assessments
  • Implement security measures
  • Provide information to users
  • Report vulnerabilities
  • Cooperate with authorities
Main Benefits
  • Enhanced user security
  • Increased trust in the digital economy
  • Accelerated innovation in cybersecurity
Potential Challenges
  • Increased costs for compliance
  • Regulatory complexity
  • Risk of market fragmentation
Staying Informed
  • Regular updates and compliance checks are crucial for adherence to the CRA.

Key Takeaways

  • First, the CRA is an essential regulation having an impact on the European cybersecurity framework.
  • Then, this involves compliance with the requirements of the mandatory CRA for manufacturers, distributors and importers.
  • Finally, this has the effect of offering significant advantages but at the same time generates certain additional cost challenges.

In summary, this table format provides a concise and organized summary of the ARC. This makes it easier for you to understand its scope, requirements, benefits and challenges.

Hardware Security Module with the CRA

Under the Cyber ​​Resilience Act (CRA), Hardware Security Modules (HSMs) play a crucial role in securing Europe’s digital infrastructure. Indeed, they are the Guardians of the cryptographic keys. They are in fact the pillars of data security and digital transactions. Without question, HSMs are essential tools to meet the strict requirements of the CRA.

Definition of HSMs

Hardware and digital security modules (HSMs) play a crucial role in securing cryptographic processes. They generate, protect, and manage encryption, decryption, digital signature, and certification keys. Their importance for the protection of sensitive data and digital trust classifies them as critical products according to the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA).

Features of the HSM Hardware

Hardware HSM comes in the form of a physical device, ensuring high security against physical and logical attacks. It can be integrated into a computer system such as a PCI card or an external enclosure. These devices are evaluated and certified according to international safety standards, such as FIPS 140 and Common Criteria EAL4+, attesting to their reliability and robustness.

Benefits of Digital HSM

At the same time, digital HSM offers a software solution that provides security comparable to that of a hardware HSM. With virtualization and advanced encryption, it can be deployed on servers, cloud environments, or mobile devices. Certifications, such as FIPS 140-2 Level 1 or Common Criteria EAL2+, validate the compliance of these software solutions with rigorous security standards.

Cyber-resilience regulation certification process in force

In accordance with the requirements of the CRA, HSMs, whether physical or digital, must obtain certification from an independent body before they are placed on the market. This certification assures users that the devices meet high standards of security and protection of sensitive information.

Importance of HSMs in Cybersecurity

Hardware and digital HSMs are critical components of an organization’s security infrastructure. They secure the exchange of information by providing a reliable and certified method of protection for critical data. By facilitating secure management of cryptographic keys, HSMs build digital trust and support regulatory compliance.

In short, both hardware and digital HSMs are indispensable tools in the modern cybersecurity landscape. Their role in securing cryptographic keys and encryption processes is vital for data protection and trust in digital systems. The mandatory certification emphasizes their importance and ensures that they comply with the highest safety standards.

Hardware Security Modules (HSMs) Under the Cyber Resilience Act

Definition and Features of HSMs

HSMs are specialized devices designed for the secure management of cryptographic keys, crucial for data encryption and transaction security. These modules embody the core principles of the CRA, providing foundational security capabilities across critical and less critical sectors.

Fixed HSMs

Embedded within infrastructural setups, fixed HSMs offer enduring security solutions. These devices are pivotal in safeguarding essential services, from energy distribution to financial transactions, aligning with the CRA’s high-security benchmarks.

Removable HSMs

Offering versatility, removable HSMs, such as USB HSMs, enable secure key management across varied operational contexts. They facilitate a balance between security and mobility, catering to diverse needs within the CRA framework.

NFC HSMs

Merging NFC technology with HSM security, NFC HSMs introduce a new paradigm in contactless transaction security. Although categorized as non-critical, their adherence to CRA standards exemplifies the act’s comprehensive approach to cybersecurity, spanning from retail to access control applications.

NFC HSM and the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA): A Closer Look at Secure Technology

NFC HSM (Near Field Communication Hardware Security Module) represents a technological fusion. It integrates a hardware security module with Near Field Communication (NFC) technology like those manufactured by the Freemindtronic company in Andorra. They also have the particularities of being patented, of operating without a server, without a database and without the user needing to identify themselves or create an account to use them. They are not connected by default. This device provides secure, on-demand wireless interaction between devices over short distances, further protecting the data exchanges they encrypt.

They represent a significant advancement in secure short-range wireless communication by integrating near-field communication (NFC) with the robust security of hardware security modules (HSM). These devices provide enhanced protection of cryptographic keys and sensitive data, facilitating secure, contactless transactions and interactions with ease and flexibility.

Features and Advantages:
  • Enhanced Security: Embedded HSMs safeguard against external threats, ensuring the integrity of cryptographic keys and sensitive data.
  • Secure Authentication: NFC technology supports mutual authentication, minimizing fraud and counterfeiting risks.
  • Ease of Use: Simplified transactions through touch, eliminating manual data entry.
  • Versatility: Can be integrated into a wide array of devices and applications.
Applications:
  • Contactless Payments: Devices equipped with NFC HSM technology facilitate fast and secure transactions, enhancing user convenience and safety.
  • Access Control: These systems manage entry to secure areas, safeguarding physical and digital assets by regulating access to buildings and sensitive data.
  • Tracking and Traceability: NFC HSMs play a crucial role in supply chain management, enabling the authentication and monitoring of goods, ensuring their integrity from origin to destination.
  • Electronic Tickets: Ideal for storing digital tickets for transportation, events, and other services, streamlining the user experience while ensuring security.
  • Contactless Hardware Secrets Manager: A novel application where NFC HSMs manage passwords, encryption keys, secret keys, PIN codes, and 2FA credentials, offering a secure and convenient solution for managing digital identities and access rights across various platforms.

These examples underscore the versatility and security enhancements provided by NFC HSM technology, aligning with the objectives of the Cyber Resilience Act to foster a secure and resilient digital environment across the EU.

Exemplifying CRA Compliance: Freemindtronic’s NFC HSM

Incorporating Freemindtronic’s NFC HSM as a case study offers an insightful lens through which to view the Cyber Resilience Act’s (CRA) implications for digital product security. Freemindtronic’s approach exemplifies adherence to the CRA through its innovative security measures and compliance practices.

Exemplifying CRA Compliance: Freemindtronic’s NFC HSM

As we delve into the CRA’s extensive requirements and scope, practical examples like Freemindtronic’s NFC Hardware Security Modules (HSMs) illuminate how digital products are aligning with heightened security standards.

Meeting CRA’s Fundamental Compliance Demands:

  • Risk Assessment: Freemindtronic has not just conducted a thorough risk evaluation but has also embedded stringent risk management practices from inception through to development, manufacturing, and usage of NFC HSMs. This includes countermeasures against both invasive and non-invasive threats, reflecting the CRA’s directive for integrated risk management.
  • Security Implementations: With patented multi-security functions such as segmented key authentication and customizable trust criteria, alongside post-quantum considered AES-256 encryption in NFC HSM memories, Freemindtronic exceeds the CRA’s requirements for advanced security measures.
  • Vulnerability Disclosure: Freemindtronic’s immediate vulnerability disclosure mechanism, especially through its website, aligns with the CRA’s demand for timely vulnerability reporting to authorities, despite over seven years without detected vulnerabilities in NFC HSM products.
  • Regulatory Cooperation: Freemindtronic’s proactive partnership with Andorran regulatory bodies, including the National Cybersecurity Agency of Andorra (ANC), signifies a commitment to enhancing security collaboratively, as encouraged by the CRA.

Freemindtronic’s NFC HSM Features Enhancing CRA Compliance:

  • Serverless and Database-Free Operation: This minimizes potential attack vectors, aligning with the CRA’s focus on cybersecurity risk reduction.
  • User Anonymity and No Account Creation: By operating anonymously without user identification or account creation, It embodies a contactless plug-and-play principle, making it physically impossible to identify the NFC HSM users. Freemindtronic supports the CRA’s emphasis on user privacy and data protection.
  • End-to-End Anonymization: Freemindtronic’s NFC HSMs are not active by default, given their battery-less design. They are inert products that become active for less than a second during the use of the secret contained within the NFC HSM. Secrets used on the phone or computer are not stored in the systems; everything is conducted ephemerally in volatile memory. This approach is in strict adherence to the CRA’s data protection and confidentiality principles.
  • Innovation Patent Protection: Freemindtronic’s security solutions, underpinned by innovation patents, set a high compliance standard with the Cyber Resilience Act.

Industry Advantages:

  • Simplified Compliance Process: Freemindtronic’s NFC HSMs provide a pre-compliance solution that simplifies adherence to CRA regulations, saving time and resources for businesses.
  • Enhanced Data Security: Freemindtronic sets a security benchmark for sensitive data and cryptographic keys, embodying the CRA’s aim to standardize protection across digital products.
  • Adaptability to Diverse Applications: The flexibility of Freemindtronic’s NFC HSMs showcases the adaptability of security solutions to meet various application needs within the CRA framework.

By showcasing Freemindtronic’s NFC HSMs, we highlight how innovative security technologies can not only meet but surpass the rigorous expectations of the CRA. This insight into Freemindtronic’s compliance strategy offers a practical perspective on adhering to CRA guidelines, reinforcing the regulation’s role in boosting the cybersecurity posture of digital products within the EU.

Key Features of the CRA at a Glance

In summary, the Cyber ​​Resilience Act aims to strengthen the cybersecurity of products sold within the European Union.

This concerns a very large number of products, such as Internet-connected devices, software and online services.

Indeed, manufacturers and distributors will be required to comply with the various requirements of this European CRA regulation. In particular, they will have to carry out risk assessments on their products, implement security measures and inform users.

Thus, the Cyber Resilience Act should offer many advantages. This is characterized by increased user security. But it should also promote trust and the digital economy and help accelerate European innovation in the cybersecurity sector. However, the downside is that the ARC will impose certain challenges, such as increased costs for manufacturers and distributors, increased regulatory complexity and potential fragmentation of the single market.

Overall, the CRA constitutes an important piece of legislation that will have a major impact on the European cybersecurity landscape. It is important that all stakeholders are aware of the ARC requirements and take steps to comply with them.

The table below provides a summary of the CRA’s key features.

Table 1: Summary of the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA)

Feature Benefits Challenges
Scope
  • Wide range of products
  • Exclusion of certain products
Requirements
  • Harmonization of cybersecurity requirements
  • Costs and delays for manufacturers
Compliance
  • Certification process for critical products
  • Market fragmentation
Sanctions
  • Fines for non-compliance
  • Discouragement of vulnerability reporting
Objectives
  • Improved security and resilience
  • Impact on innovation
Impact
  • Protection of users and businesses
  • Difficulty balancing security and innovation

Finally, this table above constitutes a simple summary of the main characteristics of the CRA. So you have a more complete visual understanding of the Cyber ​​Resilience Act.

In conclusion on the European cyber-resilience act regulation

In conclusion, the Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) represents a significant step forward in the European Union’s efforts to strengthen cybersecurity and protect consumers in the digital age. While challenges remain, the CRA has the potential to create a more secure and resilient digital ecosystem for all. As the regulation comes into effect and evolves over time, it will be crucial to monitor its impact and adapt it as needed to ensure its continued effectiveness in a rapidly changing technological landscape. Ultimately, the success of the CRA will depend on the collective efforts of governments, businesses, and individuals to embrace its principles and work together to build a more secure and trustworthy digital world.

Sources

Here are some official sources which confirm this information:

2024, Digital Security

PrintListener: How to Betray Fingerprints

Posted on by FMTAD
PrintListener technology concept with NFC security solutions.
22
Feb

PrintListener: The Sound of your Fingers can Reveal your Fingerprints

PrintListener emerges as a groundbreaking technology challenging the reliability of fingerprint security. By capturing the unique sound of finger friction on touchscreens, it enables the reproduction of fingerprints. This innovative approach sets PrintListener apart, highlighting its potential to redefine biometric security measures. As we explore its implications, the need for heightened awareness and protective strategies becomes evident.

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Stay informed in our posts dedicated to Digital Security to follow its evolution thanks to our regularly updated topics

Learn more through this Digital Security section on the new possibility of corrupting fingerprints written by Jacques Gascuel, creator of data security solutions. Stay informed and safe with our regular updates.

PrintListener: How this Technology can Betray your Fingerprints and How to Protect yourself

PrintListener revolutionizes the realm of Acoustic Analysis Attacks by honing in on the unique sound of finger friction on touchscreens. This novel approach allows for the replication of fingerprints, marking a significant advancement in the field. Unlike traditional techniques that broadly utilize sound to breach security, PrintListener’s methodical focus distinguishes it as a pioneering and distinct attack strategy. This specificity in exploiting fingerprint authentication systems through acoustic signals elevates PrintListener above conventional methods. As we delve deeper into PrintListener, understand the risks it poses to identity and data, and explore protective measures, this article serves as a crucial guide for safeguarding against such innovative threats.

What is PrintListener?

PrintListener is the result of a collaboration between researchers from Zhejiang University, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and the University of Washington. They presented their technology at the ACM CCS 2022 conference, one of the most prestigious in the field of computer security. Their paper, titled “PrintListener: Fingerprinting Smartphones from Touchscreen Sound”, describes in detail the working and evaluation of PrintListener¹.

The technology exploits the friction noise of fingers on the screen, which reveals the features of fingerprints. By analyzing this sound with advanced algorithms, PrintListener can create fingerprint copies with high accuracy. You can download the officel document “PrintListener: Uncovering the Vulnerability of Fingerprint Authentication via the Finger Friction Sound“.

How can PrintListener attack fingerprint readers?

Fingerprint readers are increasingly common on smartphones, computers, or applications. They are supposed to offer a high level of security, by verifying the user’s identity from their unique fingerprint.

But PrintListener can fool these readers, by using the fingerprint copies it has generated. The researchers showed that their software could succeed in attacking up to 27.9% of partial fingerprints and 9.3% of full fingerprints in only five attempts, even at the highest security level¹.

Hackers could thus access your accounts, data, or services without your consent. They could capture the sound of your fingers from various sources, such as speakerphone calls, voice messages, or online games.

How to protect yourself against PrintListener?

PrintListener represents a serious threat to biometric security, which was until now considered infallible. To protect yourself against this vulnerability, you should adopt proactive security measures, such as:

  • Updating your antivirus, which could detect and block PrintListener or other malware.
  • Using headphones or earphones, to prevent the sound of your fingers from being captured by the microphone of your smartphone or computer.
  • Activating other authentication modes, such as PIN code or facial recognition, which are less prone to hacking.
  • Changing your passwords regularly, and using strong and different passwords for each account.

How to corrupt a fingerprint?

If PrintListener is not yet available to the public, there are other methods to corrupt a fingerprint. Some are simpler than others, but they all require a certain level of skill and equipment.

  • Making a mold. This involves reproducing the fingerprint of a person from an object they have touched, such as a glass, a door handle, or a keyboard. You then need to use a malleable material, such as clay, wax, or gelatin, to create a faithful imprint. This imprint can then be transferred to a rigid support, such as plastic or metal, to create a fake fingerprint.
  • Using a 3D printer. This involves scanning the fingerprint of a person from a photo, a video, or an optical sensor. You then need to use a 3D modeling software to create a digital model of the fingerprint. This model can then be printed in 3D with a conductive material, such as copper or silver, to create a fake fingerprint.
  • Modifying your own fingerprint. This involves changing the appearance of your fingerprint by using invasive or non-invasive techniques. The invasive techniques consist of injuring, burning, or cutting your finger to modify the lines and ridges of the fingerprint. The non-invasive techniques consist of sticking, painting, or tattooing your finger to mimic the fingerprint of another person.

These methods are more or less effective depending on the type of fingerprint reader used. Some readers are more sensitive than others to the temperature, pressure, conductivity, or depth of the fingerprint. You therefore need to adapt your method according to the reader to attack.

Statistics on fingerprint security

Fingerprint security is widely used in various domains, such as banking, healthcare, law enforcement, or travel. However, it is not flawless, and it can be compromised by different methods, such as PrintListener or others. Here are some statistics on fingerprint security that you should know:

These statistics show that fingerprint security is a popular and growing market, but also a vulnerable and risky one. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the potential threats and to take preventive measures to protect your identity and data.

Summary and further reading

In this article, we have explained what PrintListener is, how it works, how it can attack fingerprint readers, and how to protect yourself against it. We have also provided some statistics on fingerprint security that illustrate the importance and the challenges of this technology.

PrintListener is not the only method to corrupt fingerprint authentication. There are other methods, such as making a mold, using a 3D printer, or modifying your own fingerprint. These methods are more or less effective depending on the type of fingerprint reader used.

If you want to learn more about these other methods, you can read our article (Are fingerprint systems really secure? How to protect your data and identity against BrutePrint), in the Digital Security section of our website. You will find out how they work, what are their advantages and disadvantages, and how to prevent them.

Enhancing Security with EviPass NFC HSM and EviCypher NFC HSM Technologies

Secure Physical Secret Outsourcing

In the wake of vulnerabilities exposed by PrintListener, adopting EviPass NFC HSM and EviCypher NFC HSM technologies becomes crucial. These solutions physically externalize sensitive information like passwords, encryption keys, OTP keys, and enable AES-256 encryption of data and messaging via NFC HSM devices. Even if a device’s fingerprint security is compromised, externally stored secrets remain inviolable, safeguarding encrypted data and messages.

Summary and Conclusion

PrintListener has shed light on significant flaws within fingerprint authentication systems, underscoring the urgent need for enhanced security measures. The integration of EviPass NFC HSM and EviCypher NFC HSM technologies offers a robust solution, physically externalizing and encrypting sensitive information beyond the reach of acoustic fingerprint hacking. This approach not only fortifies biometric security but also ensures the integrity of encrypted data and communications, providing a comprehensive shield against emerging threats.

2024, Cyberculture, Legal information

Encrypted messaging: ECHR says no to states that want to spy on them

Posted on by FMTAD
ECHR landmark ruling in favor of encrypted messaging, featuring EviCypher NFC HSM technology by Freemindtronic.
21
Feb

Protecting encrypted messaging: the ECHR decision

Encrypted messaging is vital for digital privacy and free speech, but complex to protect. The historic ECHR decision of February 13, 2024 supports strong encryption against government surveillance. We discuss the importance of this decision. You will discover EviCypher NFC HSM encryption technology from Freemindtronic, guardian of this decision but for all messaging services in the world.

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Learn more through this Cyberculture section on your data encryption rights to protect your personal and professional data written by Jacques Gascuel, creator of data security solutions. Stay informed and secure with our regular news.

Encrypted messaging: ECHR says no to states that want to spy on them

The historic judgment of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) elevates encrypted messaging to the rank of guardian of privacy and freedom of expression. But this also poses security and public order problems. On February 13, 2024, she spoke out in favor of strong encryption, against state interference.

The ECHR has rejected Russian authorities’ request to Telegram, a messaging application, to provide private keys for encrypting its users’ communications, or to install backdoors that would allow authorities to access them. The Court considered that this request violated the rights to privacy and correspondence, as well as freedom of expression, of Telegram users.

The context of the case

The case background Six journalists and human rights activists challenged the request of the Russian authorities to Telegram before the ECHR. They claimed that this request violated their fundamental rights. They relied on Articles 8 and 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights. These articles protect the right to privacy and correspondence, and the right to freedom of expression.

The reasoning of the Court

The Court’s reasoning The Court acknowledged that the request of the Russian authorities had a legitimate aim of national security and crime prevention. However, it found that the interference with the rights of the applicants was not proportionate to the aim pursued. It emphasised that encryption plays a vital role in ensuring the confidentiality of communications and the protection of personal data. It held that the request of the Russian authorities was too general and vague. It did not offer enough safeguards against abuse. It could deter people from using encrypted messaging services.

The Court also noted that encryption helps citizens and businesses to defend themselves against the misuse of information technologies, such as hacking, identity theft, data breach, fraud and undue disclosure of confidential information. It stated that this should be duly taken into account when assessing the measures that could weaken encryption.

The Court further observed that, in order to be useful to the authorities, the information must be decrypted at some point. It suggested that the authorities should use other means to obtain the necessary information, such as undercover operations, metadata analysis and international cooperation.

The consequences of the decision

The decision’s implications The decision of the Court is final and binding for Russia. It has to implement it within a reasonable time. It also has a broader impact. It sets out principles applicable to all member states of the Council of Europe, which comprises 47 countries. It sends a strong signal in favour of the respect of fundamental rights on the internet. It aligns with the position of several international organisations, such as the UN, the EU or the OSCE. They have stressed the importance of encryption for the protection of human rights online.

The official link of the ECHR decision is: AFFAIRE PODCHASOV c. RUSSIE and AFFAIRE PODCHASOV c. RUSSIE and AFFAIRE PODCHASOV c. RUSSIE. You can access it by clicking on the title or copying the address in your browser.

The position of other countries in the world

Encryption of communications is not a consensual topic. Countries have different, even opposite, positions on the issue. Here are some examples:

  • The Netherlands have argued for the right to strong encryption. They considered it a human right that must be safeguarded, in the country’s own interest.
  • The United States have repeatedly asked technology companies to provide them with access to encrypted data. They invoked the need to fight terrorism. These requests have been challenged by companies, such as Apple. They refused to create backdoors in their encryption systems.
  • China adopted a cybersecurity law in 2016. It requires companies to cooperate with authorities to provide encryption keys or means to bypass encryption. This law has been denounced by human rights defenders. They fear that it will be used to strengthen the surveillance and censorship of the Chinese regime.
  • The European Union adopted a directive on the protection of personal data in 2016. It recognizes encryption as a technical measure suitable for ensuring the security of data. The EU also supported the development of end-to-end encryption. It funded projects such as the free software Signal, which allows to encrypt calls and messages.

These examples show the divergences and convergences between different countries on the subject of encryption. They also reveal the political, economic and social issues that are at stake.

The world’s reactions to the ECHR decision on Encrypted Messaging

The ECHR decision on Encrypted Messaging has sparked different reactions in the world. Some countries praised the judgment, which boosts the protection of human rights on the internet. Other countries slammed the position of the Court, which undermines, according to them, the judicial cooperation and the national security.

The supporters of the ECHR decision

The Netherlands are among the countries that supported the ECHR decision. They argued for the right to strong encryption, considering it a human right that must be safeguarded, in the country’s own interest. The European Union also backed the Court, reminding that encryption is a technical measure suitable to ensure the security of data, in accordance with the directive on the protection of personal data adopted in 2016. The EU also stressed that it funds the development of end-to-end encryption, through projects such as the free software Signal, which allows to encrypt calls and messages.

The opponents of the ECHR decision

The United States are among the countries that opposed the ECHR decision. They have repeatedly asked technology companies to provide them with access to encrypted data, invoking the need to fight terrorism. These requests have been challenged by companies, such as Apple, which have refused to create backdoors in their encryption systems. China also expressed its disagreement with the Court, stating that encryption of communications fosters the dissemination of illegal or dangerous content, such as terrorist propaganda, child pornography or hate speech. China recalled that it has adopted in 2016 a cybersecurity law, which requires companies to cooperate with authorities to provide encryption keys or means to bypass encryption.

The non-signatories of the European

Convention on Human Rights Some countries have not reacted to the ECHR decision, because they are not signatories of the European Convention on Human Rights. This is the case for example of Russia, which ceased to be a member of the Council of Europe on March 16, 2022, after the invasion of Ukraine decided by the Kremlin. The country no longer participates in the activities of the ECHR. This is also the case of many countries in Africa, Asia or Latin America, which are not part of the Council of Europe and which have not ratified the Convention.

The signatory countries of the European Convention on Human Rights

The European Convention on Human Rights is an international treaty adopted by the Council of Europe in 1950, which aims to protect human rights and fundamental freedoms in the states parties. It entered into force in 1953, after being ratified by ten countries: Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom .

Since then, the Convention has been ratified by 36 other countries, bringing the total number of states parties to 46. They are: Albania, Germany, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Croatia, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Czech Republic, Turkey and Ukraine.

All these countries recognize the jurisdiction of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), which is in charge of ensuring the respect of the Convention. The ECHR can be seized by any person, group of persons or non-governmental organization who claims to be a victim of a violation of the Convention by one of the states parties. The ECHR can also be seized by a state party who alleges that another state party has violated the Convention. The ECHR delivers judgments that are final and binding for the states parties.

An innovative and sovereign alternative: the EviCypher NFC HSM technology

Facing the challenges of encryption of communications, some users may look for an alternative more innovative and sovereign than the traditional messaging applications. This is the case of the EviCypher NFC HSM technology, developed by the Andorran company Freemindtronic. This technology makes it possible to generate, store, manage and use AES-256 encryption keys to encrypt all communication systems, such as WhatsApp, sms, mms, rcs, Telegram, webmail, email client, private messaging like Linkedin, Skype, X and even via postal mail with encrypted QR code messages, etc.

EviCypher NFC HSM: A Secure and Innovative Solution for Encrypted Messaging

Firstly, it guarantees the confidentiality and integrity of data, even if the messaging services are compromised for any reason, including by a court order. Indeed, it is physically impossible for Freemindtronic, the manufacturer of the DataShielder products, to provide encryption keys generated randomly by the user. These keys are stored encrypted in AES-256 via segmented keys in the HSM and NFC HSM. Only the user holds the decryption keys, which he can erase at any time.

Secondly, it preserves the anonymity and sovereignty of users, because it works without server and without database. It does not require internet connection, nor user account, nor phone number, nor email address. It leaves no trace of its use, nor of its user. It does not depend on the policies or regulations of the countries or companies that provide the communication services.

Thirdly, it offers an extreme portability and availability of encryption keys, thanks to the NFC technology. The user can carry his encryption keys on a physical support, such as a card, a bracelet, a key ring, etc. He can use them with any device compatible with NFC, such as a smartphone, a tablet, a computer, etc. He can also share them with other trusted users, in a simple and secure way.

Lastly, it is compatible with the EviCore NFC HSM or EviCore HSM technology, which allows to secure the access to equipment and applications. The user can thus use the same physical support to encrypt his communications and to authenticate on his different digital services.

The EviCypher NFC HSM technology guarantees the confidentiality and integrity of data, even if the messaging services are compromised for any reason, including by a court order. Indeed, it is physically impossible for Freemindtronic, the manufacturer of the DataShielder products, to provide encryption keys generated randomly by the user. These keys are stored encrypted in AES-256 via segmented keys in the HSM and NFC HSM. Only the user holds the decryption keys, which he can erase at any time.

Transforming Encrypted Messaging with EviCypher NFC HSM

The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) decisively highlights encrypted messaging’s vital role in protecting privacy and freedom of speech. EviCypher NFC HSM, aligning perfectly with these principles, emerges as a pioneering solution. It confronts the challenges of state surveillance and privacy breaches head-on, providing unmatched defense for private communications. EviCypher NFC HSM goes beyond the ECHR’s conventional security and privacy requirements. It crafts an inviolable communication platform that honors users’ privacy rights profoundly. With its innovative approach, EviCypher NFC HSM introduces new data protection standards, forging a robust barrier against government intrusion.

Global Reach and User Empowerment

EviCypher NFC HSM’s technology has a broad global impact, seamlessly addressing the varied encryption landscapes worldwide. It provides a consistent answer to privacy and security issues, disregarding geographic limits. This global applicability makes EviCypher NFC HSM an indispensable tool for users worldwide, solidifying its position as a guardian of global privacy.

Despite potential skepticism about new technologies, the user-friendly and accessible nature of EviCypher NFC HSM aims to dispel such doubts. It promotes wider adoption among those seeking to enhance their communication security. Its compatibility with diverse devices and straightforward operation simplify encryption, facilitating an effortless shift towards secure communication practices.

EviCypher NFC HSM: A Beacon of User Autonomy

EviCypher NFC HSM technology deeply commits to empowering users. It allows individuals to generate, store, and manage their encryption keys independently, giving them direct control. This autonomy not only improves data security but also demonstrates a strong commitment to protecting users’ fundamental rights. It resonates with the values emphasized across the discussion, providing an effective way to strengthen online privacy and security. EviCypher NFC HSM marks a significant leap forward in the movement towards a more secure and private digital landscape.

This technologie HSM stands out as a state-of-the-art, self-sufficient solution, perfectly in line with the ECHR’s decisions and the worldwide need for secure encrypted communication. It leads the charge in advancing user autonomy and security, signaling a crucial evolution in encrypted messaging towards unparalleled integrity.

Incorporating EviCypher’s distinctive features—its operation without servers or databases, interoperability, and backward compatibility with all current communication systems, such as email, SMS, MMS, RCS, and social media messaging, even extending to physical mail via encrypted QR codes—highlights its adaptability and innovative spirit. EviCypher’s resistance to zero-day vulnerabilities, due to encrypting communications upfront, further underscores its exceptional security. Operating anonymously and offline, it provides instant usability without requiring user identification or account creation, ensuring seamless compatibility across phone, computer, and communication systems.

Summary at encrypted messaging

Encrypted Messaging is crucial for the digital society. It protects internet users’ privacy and freedom of expression. But it also challenges security and public order. The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) supported strong encryption on February 13, 2024. It defended the right to encryption, against states that want to access it. Several international organizations agree with this position. They emphasize the importance of encryption for human rights online. However, the ECHR decision sparked diverse reactions worldwide. Different countries have different views on encryption.

Our conclusion on Encrypted Messaging

EviCypher NFC HSM technology is an innovative and sovereign alternative for Encrypted Messaging. Users can generate, store, manage and use AES-256 encryption keys. They can encrypt all communication systems, such as WhatsApp, sms, mms, rcs, Telegram, webmail, email client, etc. EviCypher NFC HSM technology ensures data confidentiality and integrity. It works even if messaging services are compromised. It preserves users’ anonymity and sovereignty. It does not need server or database. It offers extreme portability and availability of encryption keys, thanks to NFC technology. It is compatible with EviCore NFC HSM or EviCore HSM technology. They secure access to equipment and applications.

DataShielder products provide EviCypher NFC HSM technology. They are contactless encryption devices, guardians of keys and secrets. Freemindtronic, an Andorran company specialized in NFC security, designs and manufactures them.

2024, Articles, Digital Security, News, Technical News

BitLocker Security: Safeguarding Against Cyberattacks

Posted on by FMTAD
A visual representation of BitLocker Security featuring a central lock icon surrounded by elements representing Microsoft, TPM, and Windows security settings.
10
Feb

Comprehensive BitLocker Security Guide 2024: Protect Your Windows Data with Encryption

BitLocker security ensures robust Windows data encryption through AES-256 technology, protecting against unauthorized access. In this guide, we will explore the full potential of BitLocker security, its vulnerabilities, and how tools like PassCypher and DataShielder strengthen data encryption.

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Dive into our analysis to gain crucial information about BitLocker security. Stay informed and protected against evolving cyber threats with our regularly updated topics.

Secure your data with our BitLocker security insights from Jacques Gascuel, a data security visionary. Stay informed and protected with our regular updates.

Introduction to BitLocker Security

If you use a Windows computer for data storage or processing, securing it is critical. BitLocker provides full-volume encryption using the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). This method ensures that your data is unreadable without a decryption key. The Trusted Platform Module (TPM) securely manages these keys. This security chip protects your data even when the system is powered off.

The TPM ensures device integrity by verifying the boot process. It only releases the encryption key if the boot code matches trusted values. For added security, BitLocker also supports multi-factor authentication by combining TPM with a personal PIN or a startup key on a USB drive.

Windows BitLocker integrates with TPM 2.0, providing robust encryption for Windows 10 and Windows 11 devices. By securing encryption keys in the TPM, BitLocker ensures protection against boot-level attacks. Devices that support TPM offer a higher level of security, reducing risks of unauthorized access.

Elevating Data Protection on Windows with BitLocker Security

Are you utilizing a Windows computer for personal or professional data storage and processing? Aiming to shield your information from theft, loss, or exposure risks during device disposal? Seeking a straightforward, effective security solution without additional software installations? BitLocker, integrated within Windows, provides a formidable solution.

BitLocker: A Cornerstone of Windows Security

BitLocker emerges as a key security feature in Windows, enabling the encryption of entire volumes — be it partitions or hard drives. By deploying robust encryption algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), BitLocker converts your data into a format unreadable to unauthorized individuals lacking the encryption key.

This encryption key is securely generated and stored by the Trusted Platform Module (TPM), a specialized security chip embedded in the motherboards of select computers. The TPM’s role extends to generating and storing encryption keys, digital signatures, boot measurements, and even biometric identifiers. Crucially, TPM 2.0 is mandated for the installation and operation of Windows 11, Microsoft’s latest operating system.

Moreover, the TPM assures device integrity when offline — that is, when your computer is shut down or in sleep mode. It assesses the boot code executed at device startup against a reference value within the TPM. A match allows the TPM to unlock the encryption key, facilitating normal device startup. A mismatch, however, results in the TPM securing the key, thereby thwarting the device’s boot process.

Further enhancing security, BitLocker can condition the normal startup process on the provision of a personal code (PIN) or the insertion of a removable device containing a startup key. These added authentication measures fortify BitLocker security, necessitating multi-factor authentication. Without the correct PIN or startup key at each boot, BitLocker retains the encryption key, preventing data access.

BitLocker in TPM-Only Mode: A Risky Shortcut

Relying solely on TPM-only mode may seem convenient, but it exposes your data to physical attacks. Without user interaction, it becomes easier for attackers to steal encryption keys using inexpensive tools. Researchers found vulnerabilities like faulTPM, which impacts AMD’s firmware-based TPM (fTPM). Attackers can manipulate these weaknesses to extract sensitive data from the system, jeopardizing BitLocker encryption security. These vulnerabilities show how important it is to add another layer of protection like a PIN or startup key.

Actionable Tips:

  • Enable TPM with a PIN: This adds an extra layer of security to your encryption.
  • Use Complex Passphrases: Opt for long, non-numerical passphrases to resist brute-force attacks.

While TPM-only mode offers convenience, adding a second layer of security through PINs is essential to counter physical tampering.

In This Article, Discover:

  • BitLocker’s Mechanisms: Learn how BitLocker securely encrypts entire volumes.
  • BitLocker Security Benefits: Explore how BitLocker strengthens data protection.
  • Navigating BitLocker’s Vulnerabilities: Understand the risks to BitLocker and how to protect against them.
  • BitLocker Activation and Configuration: Step-by-step guidance for setting up BitLocker on Windows.
  • Enhancing BitLocker Security with EviPass NFC HSM, EviCypher NFC HSM, and EviKeyboard BLE: can enhance BitLocker’s defenses.
  • Recent TPM 2.0 Vulnerabilities: Learn about the hidden risks related to CVE-2023-1017  and CVE-2023-1018.

Case Study: faulTPM and SRTM Vulnerabilities in Action

Recent attacks on TPMs that use Static Root of Trust for Measurement (SRTM) systems have shown how attackers can manipulate power states. These manipulations allow them to compromise the boot-up process. As a result, attackers can falsify the chain of trust and bypass BitLocker encryption protections.

Researchers have found that well-known vendors like Intel and Dell are especially vulnerable. Even devices using AMD’s firmware-based TPM (fTPM) are also at risk. These incidents highlight the need to take proactive steps to secure TPM-equipped devices.

Key Recommendations:

    1. Update TPM firmware regularly to stay protected against vulnerabilities like CVE-2023-1017 and CVE-2023-1018.
    2. Consider hardware with advanced protections, such as Intel’s Converged Security and Manageability Engine (CSME), which can mitigate many of these risks.
    3. Enable TPM remote attestation to detect tampering and ensure the security of your device’s integrity.

    By keeping your firmware updated and using advanced protective technologies, you can greatly reduce the risk of these vulnerabilities being exploited.

To mitigate these risks, it is crucial to update your TPM firmware regularly. BitLocker with multi-factor authentication (MFA) offers additional protection by requiring more than just a TPM unlock for access. Utilize startup keys or PINs to further secure your encrypted drives from physical tampering.

The Advantages of BitLocker for Protecting Data

With BitLocker, users enjoy extensive benefits for data security, such as:

  • Preventing Unauthorized Data Access: Through advanced encryption and TPM-stored keys, BitLocker shields data against both software attacks and physical disk tampering.
  • Securing Data on Disposed Devices: Ensuring data on discarded BitLocker-protected devices remains unreadable without proper encryption or authentication methods.
  • Protection Against Device Theft or Loss: By requiring a PIN or startup key, BitLocker offers multi-factor authentication, significantly reducing unauthorized access risks.
  • Reducing Exposure to Cyber Attacks: By encrypting sensitive data, BitLocker reduces exposure to threats from malware, ransomware, and phishing attacks. Encryption with AES-256 ensures your data remains secure, even if the system is compromised.

By integrating BitLocker into your data protection strategy, you enhance the security layer around sensitive information. This guide not only elucidates BitLocker’s significance and operational mechanics but also introduces “EviPass NFC HSM, EviCypher NFC HSM, and EviKeyboard BLE” as pivotal in advancing BitLocker security against diverse threats. Stay tuned for an in-depth exploration of these enhancements towards the article’s end.

To maximize this security, enable multi-factor authentication (MFA). Combining TPM with a PIN or startup key significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access.

Strengthening BitLocker with DataShielder and PassCypher

To elevate BitLocker’s security, integrating solutions like DataShielder and PassCypher provides significant protection. DataShielder uses AES-256 encryption to safeguard data on various storage devices, while PassCypher offers contactless password management, making password breaches far less likely. These tools enhance the overall security framework, addressing weaknesses in BitLocker, particularly physical attacks.

BitLocker Security: Analyzing Attacks and Vulnerabilities in TPM and TPM 2.0

Introduction to BitLocker’s Encryption Technology

BitLocker is an integral encryption technology within Windows, designed to protect data on hard drives and removable media. Utilizing the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), BitLocker secures data with a secret key. This key can be stored in a Trusted Platform Module (TPM), a security chip on the motherboard, or through alternative methods like passwords, PINs, USB keys, or certificates. While BitLocker significantly enhances protection against data theft, loss, and unauthorized system boot or code alterations, it is not without vulnerabilities. These include the necessity of recovery key backups, compatibility issues with certain hardware and software, and susceptibility to specific attack techniques. This article delves into the various attack possibilities and vulnerabilities associated with TPM and TPM 2.0, detailing their mechanisms, consequences, and countermeasures.

TPM 1.2: Security Functions and Vulnerabilities

Placement du diagramme : immédiatement après l’explication des attaques par démarrage à froid, incluez un diagramme de processus étape par étape. Ce diagramme doit décrire la séquence d’une attaque par démarrage à froid : (1) l’attaquant redémarre le périphérique, (2) accède à la RAM avant qu’elle ne s’efface et (3) extrait les clés de chiffrement BitLocker. Utilisez des icônes ou des illustrations pour un ordinateur, de la RAM et un symbole de clé pour représenter la clé de cryptage.

The Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 1.2 offers security functions like random number generation, secure cryptographic key creation, and digital signatures. While it bolsters BitLocker data security, TPM 1.2 is vulnerable to several attack types:

Cold Boot Attacks on TPM 1.2 or TMP 2.0

Cold boot attacks involve rebooting a TPM 1.2-enabled device to access and extract BitLocker encryption keys from RAM before it clears. Attackers can use alternative boot devices or physically transfer RAM to another device. Such attacks expose BitLocker-encrypted data due to TPM 1.2’s lack of effective RAM clearing mechanisms and data decryption prevention without authentication. Transitioning to TPM 2.0, which introduces “Memory Overwrite Request” (MOR) and “Lockout Mode,” provides enhanced protections.

DMA Attacks on TPM 1.2

A diagram showing how ThunderClap Attacks compromise Windows, Linux, and macOS systems through malicious peripherals and DMA.
This diagram explains the complex process of ThunderClap Attacks, which can bypass BitLocker Security measures on different operating systems.

DMA (Direct Memory Access) attacks use external devices to directly access the RAM of a TPM 1.2-enabled device, potentially reading or modifying BitLocker encryption keys. Such attacks compromise BitLocker security due to TPM 1.2’s inefficiencies in RAM protection and data integrity verification.

To defend against DMA attacks, it’s recommended to:

  • Disable or secure device DMA ports, such as FireWire or Thunderbolt.
  • Use a PIN or startup key to lock device booting, preventing access to BitLocker-encrypted data without proper credentials.
  • Encrypt data on external storage devices to prevent them from becoming attack vectors.

RAM Analysis Attacks on TPM 1.2

RAM analysis attacks use specialized software or hardware to scan a device’s RAM for sensitive information, including BitLocker keys. TPM 1.2’s inability to protect RAM or verify data integrity leaves BitLocker-encrypted data vulnerable. Upgrading to TPM 2.0, which employs Device Encryption to bind data encryption to device hardware, mitigates these risks by not exposing the encryption key to RAM.

TPM 2.0: Enhanced Security Features and Vulnerabilities

TPM 2.0 introduces advanced security functions, including improved random number generation, secure cryptographic key creation, and digital signatures. These enhancements strengthen BitLocker security but do not render TPM 2.0 impervious to attacks:

Cold Boot Attacks on TPM 2.0

A person using a cold spray to freeze the RAM of a laptop, highlighting the risk of cold boot attacks for BitLocker Security.
A cold spray can be used to preserve the data in the RAM after shutting down or restarting the system, exposing the BitLocker encryption keys to an attacker

Similar to TPM 1.2, TPM 2.0 is susceptible to cold boot attacks, where sensitive information like BitLocker keys can be extracted from RAM following a device reboot. TPM 2.0’s lack of effective RAM clearing mechanisms and data decryption prevention without authentication leaves BitLocker-encrypted data vulnerable. Utilizing TPM 2.0’s Lockout Mode, which limits decryption attempts and imposes delays between attempts, along with employing a PIN or startup key for device booting, enhances security against cold boot attacks.

For additional information on defending against cold boot attacks on TPM 2.0, explore:

Fault Injection Attacks on TPM 2.0

Fault injection attacks induce errors in TPM 2.0’s operation by altering physical conditions, such as voltage, temperature, or radiation, potentially causing information leaks or malfunctions. Common techniques include “glitching,” where electrical impulses disrupt TPM operations, revealing sensitive information or compromising data integrity. These vulnerabilities, tracked as CVE-2023-1017 and CVE-2023-1018, highlight the importance of updating TPM firmware and employing fault-resistant TPMs or physical isolation measures to protect against such attacks.

To further understand fault injection attacks on TPM 2.0, consider:

  • “Fault Injection Techniques and Tools for Embedded Systems Reliability Evaluation,” presenting fault injection principles, methods, and tools.
  • “Fault Injection Attacks on Cryptographic Devices: Theory, Practice, and Countermeasures,” analyzing fault injection attacks on cryptographic devices and offering effective countermeasures.
  • A video on fault injection attacks on TPMs, demonstrating attack execution and prevention methods.

Phishing and Social Engineering Attacks on TPM 2.0

TPM 2.0 cannot safeguard against phishing or social engineering attacks that manipulate users into divulging sensitive information, such as passwords or encryption keys. These attacks use deceptive communication methods, posing as legitimate entities like Microsoft or technical support, to exploit user emotions, needs, or weaknesses. To defend against such attacks, never disclose personal information to unknown or suspicious entities, verify the credibility of sources before trusting them, and utilize TPM 2.0’s Lockout Mode to limit decryption attempts and impose delays between attempts. Additionally, educating users on phishing and social engineering techniques and reporting suspicious activities to authorities are crucial countermeasures.

For more insights into phishing and social engineering attacks on TPM 2.0, explore:

  • “Phishing and Social Engineering,” describing attack characteristics, consequences, and prevention tips.
  • “BitLocker Security FAQ,” answering common questions about BitLocker security and explaining TPM 2.0’s Lockout Mode defense against phishing and social engineering attacks.
  • How to spot and avoid phishing scams, a tutorial on recognizing and avoiding phishing attempts, offering tools and services for protection.

The Bus Pirate Attack on TPM 2.0

To better understand how a Bus Pirate attack works, here’s a video made by security researcher Stacksmashing, who successfully extracted the BitLocker encryption key from a laptop using a Raspberry Pi Pico, a microcontroller that costs less than 10 euros. He then used Dislocker software to decrypt the hard drive with the obtained key.

Extracting the BitLocker key

The attacker opened the laptop case, located the TPM’s SPI port, and connected the Raspberry Pi Pico with wires. Using a Python script, he read and wrote to the TPM, and extracted the BitLocker encryption key. He then removed the hard drive from the laptop, connected it to another computer, and decrypted the data with the Dislocker software and the key. The Raspberry Pi Pico served as a tool to “sniff” BitLocker keys and to create a debugging and glitch attack tool.

The Pirate Bus

The Bus Pirate is a hardware hacking tool that communicates with various electronic bus protocols. It supports serial protocols such as 1-wire, 2-wire, 3-wire, UART, I2C, SPI and HD44780 LCD. It can access the TPM via the SPI port, which is a synchronous communication protocol that transfers data between a master and one or more slaves. The TPM is a slave that responds to the master’s commands.

Stacksmashing video

To understand how a Bus Pirate attack works, watch this video by security researcher Stacksmashing, who extracted the BitLocker encryption key from a laptop using a Raspberry Pi Pico, a cheap microcontroller. He then decrypted the hard drive with the Dislocker software and the key, showing how the attack can bypass BitLocker security.

TPM 2.0 vulnerabilities

The Bus Pirate attack exploits the SPI communication vulnerabilities of TPM 2.0, allowing attackers to intercept BitLocker encryption keys by “eavesdropping” on unencrypted communications. This method requires physical access to the target computer and specialized hardware, and can potentially enable arbitrary code execution and cryptographic information extraction.

Protective measures

To mitigate these risks, use TPM 2.0 models that resist fault injection attacks, improve the physical isolation of TPM 2.0, and protect the SPI port from unauthorized access or manipulation. This video demonstrates a Bus Pirate attack on TPM 2.0, where security researcher Stacksmashing extracted a BitLocker encryption key using a Raspberry Pi Pico. After the key extraction, Stacksmashing decrypted the hard drive with the Dislocker software and the key, revealing the attack’s ability to circumvent BitLocker security. To prevent such attacks, secure the TPM’s SPI port physically, update the TPM firmware regularly, and use tamper-evident seals to detect any unauthorized access. Moreover, implement SPI firewalls, update security patches, follow the principle of least privilege, enforce strong password policies, use multi-factor authentication, and consider physical security measures to avoid unauthorized access.

BitLocker Security Vulnerabilities: Navigating the Risks

TPM 2.0 has been affected by critical buffer overflow vulnerabilities (CVE-2023-1017 and CVE-2023-1018), which allow local attackers to access or modify protected data. These flaws expose sensitive cryptographic keys used by BitLocker, making data vulnerable to unauthorized access.

For example, Lenovo devices using Nuvoton TPM chips were among the systems impacted by this vulnerability. Attackers could bypass TPM protections by sending maliciously crafted commands, causing data corruption or code execution within the TPM. These attacks can go undetected, even by robust security measures.

Emphasize that these flaws aren’t just theoretical risks, but tangible weaknesses in widely used systems.

Brute Force Attacks on TPM and TPM 2.0

Brute force attacks attempt to guess passwords or encryption keys by systematically testing all possible combinations. Such attacks can compromise BitLocker security, as TPM and TPM 2.0 lack mechanisms to effectively limit or slow down authentication attempts. To counter brute force attacks, use long and complex passwords or keys, employ TPM 2.0’s Lockout Mode to restrict decryption attempts and impose delays between attempts, and educate users on recognizing and reporting suspicious brute force attack attempts.

By understanding and addressing the vulnerabilities associated with TPM and TPM 2.0, users can significantly enhance BitLocker’s encryption effectiveness. Implementing technological countermeasures, updating system firmware, and educating users on potential threats are crucial steps in fortifying BitLocker’s defenses against a range of attack methodologies.

Maximizing BitLocker Security: A Detailed Activation and Configuration Manual for Windows Users

Securing data on Windows devices is paramount in today’s digital age. BitLocker, Microsoft’s premier encryption service, stands at the forefront of safeguarding against unauthorized data access, loss, or theft. Elevate your device’s security by meticulously activating and configuring BitLocker with the following steps:

Ensure Your Device Meets BitLocker Requirements

  • Initial Step: Ascertain your Windows device’s compatibility with BitLocker. For Windows 11 users, a TPM 2.0 chip is indispensable. To verify the presence and version of TPM, utilize the built-in TPM management tool accessible via Windows Security settings.

Enable TPM for Enhanced Security

  • Subsequent Step: TPM activation is crucial. This security processor may not be enabled by default. Enter your device’s BIOS or UEFI settings upon startup (often by pressing F2, F12, Del, or Esc) and locate the TPM settings to enable it, laying the groundwork for BitLocker’s encryption capabilities.

Update TPM Firmware for Optimal Performance

  • Critical Step: Keeping your TPM firmware up to date is essential to mitigate potential security vulnerabilities and improve the TPM’s defensive capabilities. Refer to your device manufacturer’s guidance for the specific procedure to update your TPM firmware to the latest version.

Select an Authentication Method Tailored to Your Needs

  • Choice-Driven Step: BitLocker offers multiple authentication methods to unlock your encrypted drive, including PINs, passwords, startup keys (on a USB drive), or recovery keys. Weigh the convenience against security to select the most suitable option. Detailed configuration settings can be found in the BitLocker Drive Encryption control panel.

Decide on BitLocker’s Encryption Strategy

  • Decision Point: BitLocker provides two encryption modes – AES-CBC and XTS-AES. The former is traditional, while the latter, recommended for fixed drives, offers added protection against certain attack vectors. Evaluate your device’s specifications and performance needs to make an informed choice.

Choose the Encryption Algorithm That Suits You Best

  • Technical Selection: BitLocker allows choosing between AES-128 and AES-256 encryption algorithms. While AES-256 offers a higher security level, it may impact system performance. Consider your security requirements and device capabilities before making a selection.

Securely Backup Your BitLocker Recovery Key

  • Safety Measure: The BitLocker recovery key is a failsafe mechanism to access your encrypted data if you forget your primary authentication method. Microsoft offers several backup options, including saving to your Microsoft account, printing it, saving to a file, or even storing it with a cloud-based key management service like Azure Key Vault. This step is crucial; ensure your recovery key is stored in a secure, retrievable location.

Activate BitLocker and Start Encrypting

  • Finalization Step: With all preferences set and the recovery key securely backed up, you’re ready to activate BitLocker. Navigate to the BitLocker Drive Encryption control panel, select the drive you wish to encrypt, and follow the on-screen instructions to start the encryption process. This may take some time depending on the size of the drive and data.

Congratulations on fortifying your Windows device with BitLocker! You’ve taken significant steps towards securing your data. Should you encounter any queries or require further assistance, do not hesitate to consult Microsoft’s comprehensive BitLocker documentation or reach out for support.

Enhancing BitLocker Security with Freemindtronic’s Advanced Solutions

In the contemporary landscape of digital security, safeguarding sensitive information against sophisticated attacks is paramount. Freemindtronic’s innovative technologies, such as PassCypher and DataShielder, along with the integration of EviKeyboard BLE, offer a robust defense mechanism, particularly enhancing BitLocker’s encryption capabilities on Windows platforms.

To further detail the integration of PassCypher and DataShielder products in enhancing BitLocker security, let’s explore how each technology specifically addresses and mitigates the risks associated with different types of attacks, adding depth and clarity to their roles in safeguarding encrypted data.

Combatting Cold Boot Attacks with PassCypher and EviKeyboard BLE

Cold Boot attacks exploit the volatility of RAM to extract sensitive data, including BitLocker encryption keys. PassCypher, a pioneering product by Freemindtronic, revolutionizes password management by utilizing EviPass NFC HSM technology for contactless and password-free security solutions. When combined with EviKeyboard BLE, a USB Bluetooth virtual keyboard technology, it provides an advanced layer of protection against RAM-based attacks. This combination leverages the USB HID (Human Interface Device) protocol to securely input secret keys and PIN codes directly into BIOS or disk startup fields, enabling remote computer control via a smartphone.

USB HID Protocol and RAM Exposure

However, it’s crucial to understand that the USB HID protocol operates through RAM to transmit data between the USB port and the chipset, subsequently transferring it to the processor or TPM. This process implies that data sent by the virtual keyboard could potentially be exposed to RAM-targeting attacks, such as Cold Boot or Direct Memory Access (DMA) attacks. Protecting sensitive data, like passwords and encryption keys inputted or received by the virtual keyboard, necessitates additional precautions.

Limitations of RAM Attacks

Despite their potency, RAM attacks are not without limitations for the attacker:

  • Physical Access Requirement: The attacker needs physical access to the computer and USB port, posing challenges depending on the location and timing of the attempted breach.
  • Necessity of Specialized Equipment: Capturing and analyzing RAM data requires specific hardware and software, which can be expensive or inaccessible.
  • Data Volatility: Post-system shutdown or reboot, RAM data quickly degrades, diminishing the success rate of such attacks. Furthermore, attackers face the challenge of data encryption performed by EviCypher NFC HSM or HSM PGP. These encryption keys, utilized within the operational RAM, are automatically destroyed after encryption and decryption processes, significantly lowering the likelihood of key recovery to nearly zero.

This nuanced understanding underscores the effectiveness of PassCypher in conjunction with EviKeyboard BLE as a formidable countermeasure against Cold Boot attacks. By recognizing the operational dynamics of the USB HID protocol and RAM’s role, alongside the inherent limitations faced by attackers, it’s evident that these Freemindtronic technologies greatly enhance the security posture against sophisticated RAM exploits. The integration of contactless password management and virtual keyboard input mechanisms, especially in environments secured by BitLocker, marks a significant advancement in safeguarding sensitive information from potential Cold Boot and related RAM intrusion attempts.

Defending Against Fault Injection Attacks with DataShielder’s EviCypher Technology

Fault Injection attacks, which attempt to induce errors in the hardware to leak sensitive information, are particularly concerning for TPM 2.0 security. DataShielder, incorporating EviCypher technology, encrypts data on storage devices using the robust AES-256 standard. The encryption keys, randomly generated and stored outside the computer’s environment within secure HSM or NFC HSM, ensure that data remains encrypted and inaccessible, even if attackers bypass TPM security. This external and secure key storage mechanism is crucial for maintaining the integrity of encrypted data against sophisticated fault injection methodologies.

Preventing Phishing and Social Engineering Attacks

PassCypher’s integrated anti-phishing features deliver proactive defenses against social engineering tactics aimed at undermining BitLocker security. The system’s sandboxed URL verification (anti-typosquatting), password integrity checks, and automatable protection against BTIB attacks create an automatic barrier against phishing attempts. By externalizing the storage and management of credentials, PassCypher ensures that even if attackers deceive users, the physical separation of sensitive information keeps it beyond reach, effectively neutralizing phishing and social engineering efforts.

Securing Against The Bus Pirate Attack

The Bus Pirate attack targets the SPI communication channel, a vulnerability in TPM 2.0. DataShielder’s integration of EviCypher for AES-256 encryption on all types of storage media provides a solid defense. By generating encryption keys that are both randomly segmented and securely stored outside the device, DataShielder guarantees that data remains encrypted, irrespective of TPM’s state. This approach of physically externalizing and encrypting keys ensures the highest level of data protection, even in the event of a successful Bus Pirate attack.

Thwarting Brute Force Attacks Through PassCypher

Brute Force attacks attempt to crack encryption by systematically guessing passwords or PIN codes. PassCypher’s capability to generate highly complex passwords and PIN codes, exceeding 256 bits, sets a new standard in security. This complexity makes it virtually impossible for attackers to successfully guess BitLocker credentials, providing a robust defense against brute force methodologies.

As we wrap up our exploration of BitLocker security, it becomes evident that the landscape of digital protection is both vast and intricate. In this context, BitLocker emerges not just as a tool, but as a fortress, designed to shield our digital realms from ever-evolving threats. The collaboration with Freemindtronic technologies like PassCypher and DataShielder, complemented by the utility of EviKeyboard BLE, underscores a pivotal shift towards a more resilient digital defense strategy. This alliance not only elevates BitLocker’s capabilities but also sets a new standard in cybersecurity practices.

Revolutionizing Data Security: BitLocker Enhanced

Indeed, the journey through the nuances of BitLocker’s encryption and the exploration of TPM’s vulnerabilities has underscored the importance of a multifaceted security approach. This journey reveals that, in the face of advancing cyber threats, the integration of cutting-edge solutions like PassCypher and DataShielder with BitLocker security forms an impregnable barrier against unauthorized access and data breaches.

Moreover, addressing the spectrum of attacks—from the Cold Boot and DMA to the sophisticated realms of social engineering—BitLocker, enriched with Freemindtronic’s innovations, stands as a beacon of comprehensive protection. This blend not only secures the data on Windows devices but also fortifies the user’s confidence against potential cyber incursions.

Furthermore, the emphasis on preventing phishing and social engineering attacks highlights the critical need for awareness and the adoption of advanced security measures. Here, the role of PassCypher’s anti-phishing capabilities and the encrypted communication via EviKeyboard BLE becomes paramount, illustrating the necessity of a holistic security posture in safeguarding against the multifarious nature of cyber threats.

Forensic Breakthrough: Decrypting TPM-Protected BitLocker Volumes with Intel DCI

Even TPM-protected BitLocker volumes can be decrypted using Intel Direct Connect Interface (DCI). This forensic technique halts the CPU, allowing reverse engineering tools to extract the Volume Master Key (VMK). Intel DCI retrieves this key from memory, enabling full decryption of BitLocker-encrypted volumes without requiring the Windows password or recovery key.

Cold Boot and Memory Remanence Attacks

Cold Boot attacks target encryption keys stored in RAM. Even after a hard reset, residual data can be extracted, including BitLocker keys. Security experts recommend overwriting the Memory Overwrite Request (MOR) bit to protect memory effectively.

Direct Memory Access (DMA) Attacks

DMA attacks exploit hardware interfaces such as Thunderbolt or PCI Express to access system memory directly. Attackers can retrieve BitLocker encryption keys by bypassing operating system defenses. While Kernel DMA Protection offers some defense, it isn’t implemented across all systems. Tools like PCILeech enable attackers to patch or analyze memory directly.

Key Recommendations for Strengthening BitLocker Security

To secure BitLocker, follow these recommendations:

  1. Update TPM firmware to guard against vulnerabilities.
  2. Disable unused physical ports (e.g., Thunderbolt, FireWire) to prevent DMA attacks.
  3. Implement multi-factor authentication to reduce the risk of unauthorized access.
  4. Enable TPM’s remote attestation to detect tampering attempts.

By following these steps, users can greatly reduce the risks of forensic data recovery and maintain secure data encryption with BitLocker.

Conclusion on BitLocker Security

BitLocker’s encryption, combined with Freemindtronic’s PassCypher NFC HSM, provides a future-ready solution for modern cybersecurity challenges. This powerful combination not only strengthens data protection but also mitigates risks from cold boot attacks, DMA attacks, and phishing. Ensure you update your TPM firmware regularly and implement multi-factor authentication to maximize your BitLocker defenses. This solution adds 256-bit encryption codes and secures communication with AES-128 CBC encryption over Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). As a result, it provides an additional layer of protection for BitLocker, making your system more resilient to both physical and network-based attacks.

Moreover, this integration ensures that even if attackers compromise the TPM, the extra layers of security keep your data safe. By adding multiple authentication methods, PassCypher NFC HSM significantly enhances the overall data protection strategy.

By leveraging BitLocker encryption alongside Freemindtronic’s advanced security tools, users ensure the confidentiality of their sensitive data, protecting against both cyber and physical threats. Stay ahead of evolving risks with multi-layer encryption strategies and real-time protection. With these advancements, you can confidently protect your information from evolving cyber threats.

As we advance, it’s crucial to adopt these technologies with full awareness. By integrating BitLocker and Freemindtronic’s innovations, you can create a strong foundation for your digital security strategy. This approach helps you build a resilient defense system, ready to tackle the complexities of the modern cyber landscape.

2024, Articles, Digital Security, News

How the attack against Microsoft Exchange on December 13, 2023 exposed thousands of email accounts

Posted on by FMTAD
Digital shield by Freemindtronic repelling cyberattack against Microsoft Exchange
08
Feb

How to protect yourself from the attack against Microsoft Exchange?

The attack against Microsoft Exchange was a serious security breach in 2023. Thousands of organizations worldwide were hacked by cybercriminals who exploited vulnerabilities in Microsoft’s email servers. How did this happen? What were the consequences? How did Microsoft react? And most importantly, how can you protect your data and communications? Read our comprehensive analysis and discover Freemindtronic’s technology solutions.

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Cyberattack against Microsoft: discover the potential dangers of stalkerware spyware, one of the attack vectors used by hackers. Stay informed by browsing our constantly updated topics.

Cyberattack against Microsoft: How to Protect Yourself from Stalkerware, a book by Jacques Gascuel, the innovator behind advanced sensitive data security and safety systems, provides invaluable knowledge on how data encryption and decryption can prevent email compromise and other threats.

How the attack against Microsoft Exchange on December 13, 2023 exposed thousands of email accounts

On December 13, 2023, Microsoft was the target of a sophisticated attack by a hacker group called Lapsus$. This attack exploited another vulnerability in Microsoft Exchange, known as CVE-2023-23415, which allowed the attackers to execute remote code on the email servers using the ICMP protocol. The attackers were able to access the email accounts of more than 10,000 Microsoft employees, some of whom were working on sensitive projects such as the development of GTA VI or the launch of Windows 12. The attackers also published part of the stolen data on a website called DarkBeam, where they sold more than 750 million fraudulent Microsoft accounts. Microsoft reacted quickly by releasing a security patch on December 15, 2023, and collaborating with the authorities to arrest the perpetrators of the attack. One of the members of the Lapsus$ group, an Albanian hacker named Kurtaj, was arrested on December 20, 2023, thanks to the cooperation between the American and European intelligence services1234.

What were the objectives and consequences of the attack?

The attack against Microsoft Exchange affected more than 20,000 email servers worldwide, belonging to businesses, institutions and organizations from different sectors. These servers were vulnerable because they used outdated versions of the software, which no longer received security updates. The attack exploited a critical vulnerability known as ProxyLogon (CVE-2023-23415), allowing the attackers to execute remote code on the servers and access the email accounts. Despite the efforts to solve the problem, many vulnerable servers remained active, exposing the email accounts of about 30,000 high-level employees, including executives and engineers. The attackers were able to steal confidential information, such as internal projects, development plans, trade secrets or source codes.

What were the objectives of the attack?

The attack was attributed to Lapsus$, a hacker group linked to Russia. According to Microsoft, the group’s main objective was to gain access to sensitive information from various targets, such as government agencies, think tanks, NGOs, law firms, medical institutions, etc. The group also aimed to compromise the security and reputation of Microsoft, one of the leading technology companies in the world. The attack was part of a larger campaign that also involved the SolarWinds hack, which affected thousands of organizations in 2020.

What were the impacts of the attack?

The attack had serious impacts on the victims, both in terms of data loss and reputation damage. The data stolen by the attackers included personal and professional information, such as names, addresses, phone numbers, email addresses, passwords, bank details, credit card numbers, health records, etc. The attackers also leaked some of the data on the DarkBeam website, where they offered to sell the data to the highest bidder. This exposed the victims to potential identity theft, fraud, blackmail, extortion, or other cybercrimes. The attack also damaged the reputation of Microsoft and its customers, who were seen as vulnerable and unreliable by their partners, clients, and users. The attack also raised questions about the security and privacy of email communication, which is widely used in the digital world.

What were the consequences of the attack?

The attack had several consequences for Microsoft and its customers, who had to take urgent measures to mitigate the damage and prevent further attacks. Microsoft had to release a security patch for the vulnerability, and urge its customers to update their software as soon as possible. Microsoft also had to investigate the origin and extent of the attack, and cooperate with the authorities to identify and arrest the attackers. Microsoft also had to provide support and assistance to its customers, who had to deal with the aftermath of the attack. The customers had to check their email accounts for any signs of compromise, and change their passwords and security settings. They also had to notify their contacts, partners, and clients about the breach, and reassure them about the security of their data. They also had to monitor their online activities and accounts for any suspicious or fraudulent transactions. The attack also forced Microsoft and its customers to review and improve their security policies and practices, and adopt new solutions and technologies to protect their data and communication.

How did the attack succeed despite Microsoft’s defenses?

The attack was sophisticated and stealthy, using several techniques to bypass Microsoft’s defenses. First, the attackers exploited a zero-day vulnerability, which means that it was unknown to Microsoft and the public until it was discovered and reported. Second, the attackers used a proxy tool to disguise their origin and avoid detection. Third, the attackers used web shells to maintain persistent access to the servers and execute commands remotely. Fourth, the attackers used encryption and obfuscation to hide their malicious code and data. Fifth, the attackers targeted specific servers and accounts, rather than launching a massive attack that would have raised more suspicion.

What are the communication vulnerabilities exploited by the attack?

The attack exploited several communication vulnerabilities, such as:

  • Targeted phishing: The attackers sent fake emails to the victims, pretending to be from legitimate sources, such as Microsoft, their bank, or their employer. The emails contained malicious links or attachments, that led the victims to compromised websites or downloaded malware on their devices. The attackers then used the malware to access the email servers and accounts.
  • SolarWinds exploitation: The attackers also used the SolarWinds hack, which was a massive cyberattack that compromised the software company SolarWinds and its customers, including Microsoft. The attackers inserted a backdoor in the SolarWinds software, which allowed them to access the networks and systems of the customers who installed the software. The attackers then used the backdoor to access the email servers and accounts.
  • Brute force attack: The attackers also used a brute force attack, which is a trial-and-error method to guess the passwords or encryption keys of the email accounts. The attackers used automated tools to generate and test a large number of possible combinations, until they found the right one. The attackers then used the passwords or keys to access the email accounts.
  • SQL injection: The attackers also used a SQL injection, which is a technique to insert malicious SQL commands into a web application that interacts with a database. The attackers used the SQL commands to manipulate the database, and access or modify the data stored in it. The attackers then used the data to access the email accounts.

Why did the detection and defense systems of Microsoft Exchange not work?

The detection and defense systems of Microsoft Exchange did not work because the attackers used advanced techniques to evade them. For example, the attackers used a proxy tool to hide their IP address and location, and avoid being traced or blocked by firewalls or antivirus software. The attackers also used web shells to create a backdoor on the servers, and execute commands remotely, without being noticed by the system administrators or the security software. The attackers also used encryption and obfuscation to conceal their malicious code and data, and prevent them from being analyzed or detected by the security software. The attackers also used zero-day vulnerability, which was not known or patched by Microsoft, and therefore not protected by the security software.

How did Microsoft react to the attack?

Microsoft reacted to the attack by taking several actions, such as:

The main actions of Microsoft

  • Releasing a security patch: Microsoft released a security patch for the vulnerability exploited by the attack, and urged its customers to update their software as soon as possible. The patch fixed the vulnerability and prevented further attacks.
  • Investigating the attack: Microsoft investigated the origin and extent of the attack, and collected evidence and information about the attackers and their methods. Microsoft also cooperated with the authorities and other organizations to identify and arrest the attackers.
  • Providing support and assistance: Microsoft provided support and assistance to its customers, who were affected by the attack. Microsoft offered guidance and tools to help the customers check their email accounts for any signs of compromise, and change their passwords and security settings. Microsoft also offered free credit monitoring and identity theft protection services to the customers, who had their personal and financial data stolen by the attackers.

Microsoft also released patches for the vulnerabilities exploited by the attack

Microsoft also released patches for the other vulnerabilities exploited by the attack, such as the SolarWinds vulnerability, the brute force vulnerability, and the SQL injection vulnerability. Microsoft also improved its detection and defense systems, and added new features and functions to its software, to enhance the security and privacy of email communication.

What are the lessons to be learned from the attack?

The attack was a wake-up call for Microsoft and its customers, who had to learn from their mistakes and improve their security practices. Some of the lessons to be learned from the attack are:

Email security

Email is one of the most widely used communication tools in the digital world, but also one of the most vulnerable to cyberattacks. Therefore, it is essential to ensure the security and privacy of email communication, by applying some best practices, such as:

  • Using strong and unique passwords for each email account, and changing them regularly.
  • Using multi-factor authentication (MFA) to verify the identity of the email users, and prevent unauthorized access.
  • Using encryption to protect the content and attachments of the email messages, and prevent them from being read or modified by third parties.
  • Using digital signatures to verify the authenticity and integrity of the email messages, and prevent them from being spoofed or tampered with.
  • Using spam filters and antivirus software to block and remove malicious emails, and avoid clicking on suspicious links or attachments.
  • Using secure email providers and platforms, that comply with the latest security standards and regulations, and offer features such as end-to-end encryption, zero-knowledge encryption, or self-destructing messages.

Multi-factor authentication

Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is a security method that requires the user to provide two or more pieces of evidence to prove their identity, before accessing a system or a service. The pieces of evidence can be something the user knows (such as a password or a PIN), something the user has (such as a smartphone or a token), or something the user is (such as a fingerprint or a face scan). MFA can prevent unauthorized access to email accounts, even if the password is compromised, by adding an extra layer of security. Therefore, it is recommended to enable MFA for all email accounts, and use reliable and secure methods, such as biometric authentication, one-time passwords, or push notifications.

Principle of least privilege

The principle of least privilege (POLP) is a security concept that states that each user or system should have the minimum level of access or permissions required to perform their tasks, and nothing more. POLP can reduce the risk of data breaches, by limiting the exposure and impact of a potential attack. Therefore, it is advisable to apply POLP to email accounts, and assign different roles and privileges to different users, depending on their needs and responsibilities. For example, only authorized users should have access to sensitive or confidential information, and only administrators should have access to system settings or configuration.

Software update

Software update is a process that involves installing the latest versions or patches of the software, to fix bugs, improve performance, or add new features. Software update is crucial for email security, as it can prevent the exploitation of vulnerabilities that could allow attackers to access or compromise the email servers or accounts. Therefore, it is important to update the software regularly, and install the security patches as soon as they are available. It is also important to update the software of the devices that are used to access the email accounts, such as computers or smartphones, and use the latest versions of the browsers or the applications.

System monitoring

System monitoring is a process that involves observing and analyzing the activity and performance of the system, to detect and resolve any issues or anomalies. System monitoring is vital for email security, as it can help to identify and stop any potential attacks, before they cause any damage or disruption. Therefore, it is essential to monitor the email servers and accounts, and use tools and techniques, such as logs, alerts, reports, or audits, to collect and analyze the data. It is also essential to monitor the email traffic and behavior, and use tools and techniques, such as firewalls, intrusion detection systems, or anomaly detection systems, to filter and block any malicious or suspicious activity.

User awareness

User awareness is a state of knowledge and understanding of the users, regarding the security risks and threats that they may face, and the best practices and policies that they should follow, to protect themselves and the system. User awareness is key for email security, as it can prevent many human errors or mistakes, that could compromise the email accounts or expose the data. Therefore, it is important to educate and train the email users, and provide them with the necessary information and guidance, to help them recognize and avoid any phishing, malware, or social engineering attacks, that could target their email accounts.

What are the best practices to strengthen information security?

Information security is the practice of protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information, from unauthorized or malicious access, use, modification, or destruction. Information security is essential for email communication, as it can ensure the protection and privacy of the data and messages that are exchanged. Some of the best practices to strengthen information security are:

  • Adopt the Zero Trust model: The Zero Trust model is a security approach that assumes that no user or system can be trusted by default, and that each request or transaction must be verified and authorized, before granting access or permission. The Zero Trust model can enhance information security, by reducing the attack surface and preventing the lateral movement of the attackers, within the system.
  • Use advanced protection solutions: Advanced protection solutions are security solutions that use artificial intelligence, machine learning, or other technologies, to detect and respond to the most sophisticated and complex cyberattacks, that could target the email accounts or data. Some of these solutions are endpoint detection and response (EDR), identity and access management (IAM), or data encryption solutions.
  • Hire cybersecurity experts: Cybersecurity experts are professionals who have the skills and knowledge to design, implement, and maintain the security of the system and the information, and to prevent, detect, and respond to any cyberattacks, that could affect the email accounts or data. Cybersecurity experts can help to strengthen information security, by providing advice, guidance, and support, to the email users and administrators.

How can Freemindtronic technology help to fight against this type of attack?

Freemindtronic offers innovative and effective technology solutions such as EviCypher NFC HSM and EviPass NFC HSM and EviOTP NFC HSM and other PGP HSMs. They can help businesses to fight against this type of attack based on Zero Day and other threats. Their technology is embedded in products such as DataShielder NFC HSM and DataShielder HSM PGP and DataShielder Defense or PassCypher NFC HSM or PassCypher HSM PGP. These products provide security and communication features for data, email and password management and offline OTP secret keys.

  • DataShielder NFC HSM is a portable device that allows to encrypt and decrypt data and communication on a computer or on an Android NFC smartphone. It uses a contactless hardware security module (HSM) that generates and stores encryption keys securely and segmented. It protects the keys that encrypt contactless communication. This has the effect of effectively fighting against all types of communication vulnerabilities, since the messages and attachments will remain encrypted even if they are corrupted. This function regardless of where the attack comes from, internal or external to the company. It is a counter-espionage solution. It also offers other features, such as password management, 2FA – OTP (TOTP and HOTP) secret keys. In addition, DataShielder works offline, without server and without database. It has a configurable multi-authentication system, strong authentication and secure key sharing.
  • DataShielder HSM PGP is an application that transforms all types of physical storage media (USB key, S, SSD, KeyChain / KeyStore) connected or not connected into HSM. It has the same features as its NFC HSM version. However, it also uses standard AES-256 and RSA 4096 algorithms, as well as OpenPGP algorithms. It uses its HSMs to manage and store PGP keys securely. In the same way, it protects email against phishing and other email threats. It also offers other features, such as digital signature, identity verification or secure key sharing.
  • DataShielder Defense is a dual-use platform for civilian and military use that offers many functions including all those previously mentioned. It also works in real time without server, without database from any type of HSM including NFC. It also has functions to add trust criteria to fight against identity theft. It protects data and communication against cyberattacks and data breaches.

In summary

To safeguard against the Microsoft Exchange attack, prioritize security updates and patches. Embrace Freemindtronic’s innovative solutions for enhanced protection. Stay vigilant against phishing and employ robust authentication methods. Opt for encryption to shield communications. Engage cybersecurity experts for advanced defense strategies. By adopting these measures, you can fortify your defenses against cyber threats and ensure your data’s safety.

2024, Digital Security, Spying

Ivanti Zero-Day Flaws: Comprehensive Guide to Secure Your Systems Now

Posted on by FMTAD
Digital representation of Ivanti Zero-Day Flaws threatening cybersecurity in a futuristic cityscape
05
Feb

Ivanti Patches Two Critical Zero-Day Vulnerabilities, One Under Active Attack

Ivanti, a leader in endpoint and network management solutions, has patched two critical zero-day vulnerabilities, one of which was actively exploited by cybercriminals. Learn more about these vulnerabilities and how to protect your organization.

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This sentence is under a slider that shows similar topics on the zero day.

The Ivanti zero-day flaws, written by Jacques Gascuel, inventor of cybersecurity solutions, of cyber-safety of sensitive data and of counter-espionage, deal with the subject of the Ivanti Zero Day 2024 vulnerabilities.

What are Zero-Day Flaws and Why are They Dangerous?

A zero-day flaw is a previously unknown vulnerability in software that hackers can exploit before the vendor becomes aware and devises a patch. These vulnerabilities are particularly perilous because there is no existing defense against their exploitation. Cybercriminals can use zero-day flaws to launch sophisticated cyberattacks, leading to unauthorized data access, system damage, and widespread security breaches.

Ivanti’s Two Zero-Day Vulnerabilities: CVE-2024-21888 and CVE-2024-21893

Ivanti’s announcement highlights two specific vulnerabilities:

  • CVE-2024-21888: This is a critical privilege escalation vulnerability found in the web components of Ivanti Connect Secure and Policy Secure (versions 9.x, 22.x). It allows malicious users to gain administrator privileges, thereby obtaining the ability to alter system configurations, access restricted data, and potentially introduce further malicious code into the network infrastructure.
  • CVE-2024-21893: Identified as a server-side request forgery (SSRF) flaw within the SAML component of Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure (versions 9.x, 22.x), and Ivanti Neurons for ZTA, this vulnerability enables attackers to bypass authentication mechanisms to access restricted resources. This flaw is particularly concerning due to its active exploitation, which suggests a targeted approach by cybercriminals to leverage this vulnerability for malicious purposes.

Ivanti has acknowledged the targeted exploitation of CVE-2024-21893 and expressed concerns over the potential for increased malicious activities following the public disclosure of these vulnerabilities.

How to Protect Your Organization from Ivanti’s Zero-Day Flaws

In response to the discovery of these vulnerabilities, Ivanti has taken swift action by releasing patches for the affected products, including specific versions of Connect Secure and ZTA. The company strongly advises a precautionary factory reset of devices before applying the patches to eliminate any lingering threats from the system. Additionally, Ivanti recommends importing a mitigation file named “mitigation.release.20240126.5.xml” as a temporary countermeasure against these vulnerabilities.

To safeguard against these vulnerabilities, organizations are urged to apply Ivanti’s patches immediately, conduct a factory reset of devices prior to patching, and adopt a proactive cybersecurity posture. This includes regular software updates, comprehensive user education on cybersecurity best practices, and the implementation of robust security measures such as firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and regular security audits.

The Impact of Ivanti’s Zero-Day Flaws on the Cybersecurity Landscape

Since the beginning of 2024, the cybersecurity community has witnessed the disclosure of six zero-day vulnerabilities within Ivanti’s product lineup, with half of them being actively exploited. A study conducted by Volexity found that more than 1,700 Ivanti devices have been compromised worldwide, including nearly 100 in France. These attacks have affected organizations from all sectors, including government agencies, Fortune 500 companies and cloud service providers .

CISA Issues Emergency Directive for Federal Agencies

The US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) issued an emergency directive. It requires all federal agencies to apply Ivanti’s patches and mitigations, and report any compromise to the CISA. This directive is important because it shows the urgency and the severity of the situation, and its implications for the national and international security.

Mandiant Identifies Bypass Technique and Webshell Deployment

Mandiant, a cybersecurity firm, has identified a technique that bypasses the mitigation file and allows the deployment of a custom webshell named BUSHWALK. This webshell works by injecting malicious code into the legitimate web pages of Ivanti devices, and allows the attackers to execute commands and access files on the compromised systems. Mandiant has provided a detailed description of how this webshell works, how to detect it, and how to remove it. Mandiant has also clarified that this technique is distinct from the mass exploitation that followed the disclosure of the vulnerabilities.

UNC5221: The Threat Group Behind the Targeted Exploitation

Mandiant has also attributed the exploitation of the Ivanti zero-day flaws to a threat group named UNC5221, suspected to be linked to China. This group has targeted organizations from various sectors, including government agencies, Fortune 500 companies and cloud service providers . Mandiant has also revealed the tools and the malware used by this group, such as BUSHWALK, BLOODHOUND, CHOPSTICK and SLIGHTPULSE. These tools and malware are designed to perform reconnaissance, lateral movement, credential theft and data exfiltration on the compromised networks.

The Number of Victims and the Potential Consequences

According to the latest reports from Volexity and Mandiant, more than 1,700 Ivanti devices have been compromised worldwide, including nearly 100 in France. The sectors most affected by these intrusions include government, finance, healthcare, education, and technology. The potential consequences of these intrusions include unauthorized data access, system encryption by ransomware, installation of backdoors for persistent access, and execution of malicious code. Such incidents can lead to significant financial losses, reputational damage, operational disruptions, and legal implications for the affected organizations.

EviCypher and EviPass: Innovative Technologies to Protect Yourself from the Zero-Day Flaws

Facing the threat of the Ivanti zero-day flaws, there are innovative solutions to protect yourself effectively. These are the EviCypher and EviPass technologies, developed by Freemindtronic, a company specialized in pocket cybersecurity.

EviCypher is a NFC device that allows you to encrypt and decrypt messages securely and anonymously. You just need to slide your EviCypher card behind your smartphone for the message to be encrypted or decrypted. The system uses individual encryption keys, stored offline, in a non-volatile and physically secure memory. Thus, even if the message is intercepted by an attacker who exploits an Ivanti zero-day flaw, he will not be able to read it without the corresponding key.

EviPass is a mobile application that allows you to manage your passwords and credentials securely and conveniently. You just need to scan your EviPass card with your smartphone to access your online accounts. The application uses an OpenPGP encryption algorithm, based on public and private keys. The private keys are stored offline, in a non-volatile and physically secure memory. Thus, even if an attacker manages to access a compromised Ivanti device, he will not be able to steal the passwords and credentials without the EviPass card.

These two solutions offer a high level of security, based on the principle of “Air Gap”, which consists of creating a physical and digital barrier between the data and the attackers. They are also easy to use, without requiring any specific knowledge in cybersecurity. They are compatible with all digital communication systems, including those that use Ivanti products. They are protected by international patents, and manufactured in Andorra by Freemindtronic.

EviPass NFC NFC and EviPass HSM PGP: Freemindtronic’s Technologies for Password Management

EviPass NFC NFC and EviPass HSM PGP are two technologies developed by Freemindtronic for password management. EviPass NFC NFC is a technology that uses NFC cards to store and access passwords and credentials. EviPass HSM PGP is a technology that uses hardware security modules (HSM) to store and access passwords and credentials using the OpenPGP encryption algorithm. Both technologies are integrated into the EviPass mobile application, which allows users to manage their passwords and credentials securely and conveniently.

EviCypher NFC HSM and EviCypher HSM PGP: Freemindtronic’s Technologies for Message Encryption

EviCypher NFC HSM and EviCypher HSM PGP are two technologies developed by Freemindtronic for message encryption. EviCypher NFC HSM is a technology that uses NFC cards and hardware security modules (HSM) to encrypt and decrypt messages. EviCypher HSM PGP is a technology that uses hardware security modules (HSM) to encrypt and decrypt messages using the OpenPGP encryption algorithm. Both technologies are integrated into the EviCypher NFC device, which allows users to encrypt and decrypt messages securely and anonymously.

PassCypher and DataShielder: Freemindtronic’s Products that Incorporate EviCypher and EviPass Technologies

PassCypher and DataShielder are two products designed and manufactured by Freemindtronic that incorporate the EviCypher and EviPass technologies. PassCypher is a NFC device that connects to your smartphone or computer and allows you to access your online accounts using the EviPass technology. DataShielder is a NFC device that connects to your smartphone or computer and allows you to encrypt and decrypt messages using the EviCypher technology. With these products, you can benefit from the EviCypher and EviPass technology to protect your passwords, credentials and messages.

To learn more about these solutions, you can visit the Freemindtronic website or the Codeur blog, which present the features and benefits of EviCypher and EviPass.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the Ivanti zero-day flaws are dangerous vulnerabilities that can compromise the security and confidentiality of the users’ data. It is therefore important to protect yourself effectively against these flaws, by applying the patches provided by Ivanti, following the cybersecurity recommendations, and using innovative solutions like EviCypher and EviPass, developed by Freemindtronic. These solutions are integrated into innovative products, designed and manufactured in Andorra. Don’t wait any longer to protect yourself from the Ivanti zero-day flaws, and discover the EviCypher and EviPass solutions from Freemindtronic. What are your impressions on these products? Let us know in the comments below.

2024, Articles, Digital Security, News, Spying

How to protect yourself from stalkerware on any phone

Posted on by FMTAD
Woman holding a smartphone with a padlock icon on the screen, promoting protection from stalkerware.
26
Jan

How to Protect Yourself from Stalkerware

How to protect yourself from stalkerware: In today’s digital landscape, being mindful of stalkerware’s escalating threat is crucial. Take proactive measures to safeguard your privacy. Stalkerware, a malware type, lets unauthorized individuals stealthily monitor and control your smartphone.

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To learn more about the potential dangers of stalkerware spyware.” Stay informed by browsing our constantly updated topics

How to Protect Yourself from Stalkerware written by Jacques Gascuel, the innovator behind advanced sensitive data security and safety systems, provides priceless knowledge on the topic of data encryption and decryption. Are you prepared to enhance your comprehension of data protection?

What is Stalkerware and Why is it Dangerous?

Stalkerware, including known programs like FlexiSpy, mSpy, and Spyera, tracks your location and accesses calls, messages, and photos. These programs can secretly activate your camera or microphone. To counter these invasions, safeguard your digital privacy from stalkerware. Physical access or being tricked into clicking malicious links; often in phishing emails, leads to stalkerware installation.

Who Uses Stalkerware?

Furthermore, abusive partners, stalkers, employers, or governments often use stalkerware. They exploit tools like FlexiSpy or Spyera to gain unauthorized access to personal information, track whereabouts, or monitor online activities.

How to Detect and Remove Stalkerware from Your Phone

To detect stalkerware, check for unusual apps or files. Monitor your phone bill for spikes in data usage or unexpected charges. Be cautious about what you click on, and keep your phone and apps updated. Consider well-known antivirus or security apps like Malwarebytes; Kaspersky Internet Security for added protection.

Signs of Stalkerware Infection

To detect stalkerware, you can follow these steps:

  • Check for unusual apps or files: If you notice any unfamiliar apps or files on your phone, it could be a sign that stalkerware is installed. Be sure to check the permissions for any apps you don’t recognize and uninstall any that seem suspicious.
  • Monitor your phone bill: Unusual spikes in data usage or unexpected charges could signal stalkerware installation. Contact your phone carrier to investigate.
  • Be cautious about what you click on: Don’t click on links or open attachments from unknown senders, as these could be used to install stalkerware on your phone.
  • Keep your phone and apps updated: Make sure your phone’s operating system and apps are up to date with the latest security patches. These updates often include fixes for vulnerabilities that could be exploited by stalkerware or other malware.
  • Use a reputable antivirus or security app: Antivirus and security apps can help to detect and remove stalkerware, as well as protect you from other types of malware.

In case you suspect the presence of stalkerware on your phone, you may attempt to remove it using one of the aforementioned methods. However, if you are not comfortable doing this yourself, you can take your phone to a professional for help.

Steps to Remove Stalkerware

  • Backup your data first
  • Perform a factory reset on your device
  • Change all your passwords post-reset

Protecting Sensitive Data from Stalkerware

Fortifying Sensitive Data with Freemindtronic’s Solutions

In the battle against stalkerware, safeguarding your sensitive data is paramount. Freemindtronic, an innovative Andorran cybersecurity company, offers cutting-edge solutions that not only protect your privacy but also fortify your data against prying eyes. Leveraging contactless encryption through an NFC hardware security module (HSM) and other secure storage media, these solutions make your secrets virtually inaccessible to tracking software.

EviCypher NFC HSM This module secures encryption keys from an externalized source, ensuring the protection of data on NFC devices. Its robust security shields against stalkerware and other cyber threats.

EviCypher HSM OpenPGP: Versatile and adaptable, it creates an HSM across various storage types, supporting keychains, keystores, SD, and USB OTG keys. Compliant with encryption standards and the OpenPGP encryption standard, it safeguards a wide array of sensitive data, including emails, documents, and photos.

EviPass: A hardware password manager that securely stores your passwords within a tamper-proof device, making it exceedingly difficult, if not impossible, for tracking software to pilfer your passwords from an NFC HSM or HSM PGP.

EviOTP: This OTP token manager, housed within an NFC HSM or HSM PGP, generates one-time passwords (TOTP or HOTP) for two-factor authentication. This additional layer of physical security thwarts token exploitation, fortifying the protection of your online accounts.

Seamless Integration Across Product Lines

Freemindtronic solutions provide an additional layer of defense against spyware and seamlessly integrate into various products.

Integration of Password Manager Technology

For instance, EviPasse HSM HSP, an advanced password manager technology, integrates seamlessly into the PassCypher HSM PGP product. It ensures the security of identification and authentication secrets in computer systems.

Enhanced NFC Security

Similarly, EviPass NFC HSM technology seamlessly embeds into the PassCypher NFC HSM product, securing NFC Android phones via NFC HSM.

Strengthening Authentication Security

Moreover, PassCypher NFC HSM takes it a step further by incorporating EviOTP technology to bolster the security of 2FA double authentication tokens on phones and computers.

Data Encryption Without Contact

EviCypher NFC HSM technology plays a vital role as an encryption key manager in DataShielder NFC HSM products. It enables users to encrypt sensitive email, SMS, MMS, and RCS data without contact. This offers effective protection against spyware like Stalkerware. Users physically outsource secrets from their phones or computers, ensuring data security against cyber threats.

Cornerstone of Data Security

As for EviCypher HSM PGP technology, it serves as the cornerstone of the DataShielder HSM PGP product on computer systems. It is also compatible with DataShielder NFC HSM. This simultaneous security ensures sensitive information on both phones and computers.

Comprehensive Security Suite

Finally, for ultimate versatility and mobility, DataShielder Defense, designed for civil and military use, encompasses these technologies and many others. This comprehensive suite strengthens data protection against physical and software espionage, identity theft, corruption of sensitive data, illicit extraction of secrets, and other threats. Thanks to its interoperability and backward compatibility, it works on all existing computer and telephone systems, with or without NFC.

How to Prevent Stalkerware from Infecting Your Phone

To prevent stalkerware from infecting your phone, you can follow these steps:

  • Be cautious about who has access to your phone: Don’t let people borrow your phone or have physical access to it if you don’t trust them.
  • Use strong passwords and security settings: Use a strong password, PIN, or biometric authentication to lock your phone and enable features like Find My Device or Find My iPhone in case your phone is lost or stolen.
  • Be careful what you click on: Be cautious of links or attachments that come from unknown or suspicious sources. Only download apps or files from trusted or official sources.
  • Keep your phone and apps updated: Make sure your phone’s operating system and apps are up to date with the latest security patches. These updates often include fixes for vulnerabilities that could be exploited by stalkerware or other malware.
  • Install a reputable antivirus or security app: Antivirus and security apps can help to protect your phone from stalkerware and other types of malware.

Consequently, following these steps helps protect against stalkerware.

If you suspect that you may have stalkerware installed on your device, look for these signs:

  • Sudden battery drain or overheating
  • Device turning on or off by itself or behaving strangely
  • Unusual spikes in data usage or unexpected charges on your phone bill
  • Unrecognized apps or files appearing on your device
  • Strange or unwanted messages, calls, or emails from unknown numbers or addresses
  • A sense that someone knows too much about your activities, location, or conversations

Detecting and Eliminating Stalkerware

Suspecting stalkerware’s presence calls for swift action to safeguard your privacy and security. Implement these steps:

  • Rely on Reputable Antivirus or Security Apps: Utilize antivirus or security apps like Malwarebytes, Kaspersky Internet Security, or Avast Mobile Security to detect and remove stalkerware.

  • Unmask Anomalous Apps or Files: If unfamiliar apps or files appear, suspect stalkerware’s presence. Scrutinize permissions for unrecognizable apps and uninstall those deemed suspicious.

  • Monitor Phone Bill for Unusual Activity: Detecting spikes in data usage or unexpected charges on your phone bill might indicate stalkerware. Investigate with your phone carrier.

  • Practice Caution with Clicks: Avoid clicking on links or opening attachments from unknown senders, as these might harbor stalkerware.

  • Stay Updated: Regularly update your device’s operating system and apps. Updates often include security patches that shield you from stalkerware.

  • Empower Yourself and Others: Educate yourself about stalkerware

Prevention is Crucial

To safeguard against stalkerware, focus on prevention. Here are some key tips:

  • Be cautious about who has access to your device: Don’t let people borrow your device or have physical access to it if you don’t trust them.
  • Use strong passwords and security settings: Use a strong password, PIN, or biometric authentication to lock your device and enable features like Find My Device or Find My iPhone in case your device is lost or stolen.
  • Be careful what you click on: Be cautious of links or attachments that come from unknown or suspicious sources. Only download apps or files from trusted or official sources.
  • Keep your device and apps updated: Make sure your device and all of your apps are up to date with the latest security patches and updates. This will help to protect against vulnerabilities that could be exploited by stalkerware or other malware.
  • Install a reputable antivirus or security app: Antivirus and security apps can help to detect and remove stalkerware, as well as protect you from other types of malware.

Resources for Stalkerware Victims

  • The Coalition Against Stalkerware: https://stopstalkerware.org/: The Coalition Against Stalkerware is an international organization that works to combat stalkerware. The coalition provides resources for victims of stalkerware, as well as advocates for stronger laws and regulations to protect people from stalkerware.
  • The National Network to End Domestic Violence: https://www.thehotline.org/: The National Network to End Domestic Violence is a US-based organization that provides resources for victims of domestic violence, including information on stalkerware. The organization also has a hotline that victims can call for support.
  • The Cyber Civil Rights Initiative: https://cybercivilrights.org/: The Cyber Civil Rights Initiative is a US-based organization that works to protect people from online abuse, including stalkerware. The organization provides resources for victims of online abuse, as well as advocates for stronger laws and regulations to protect people from online abuse.

Latest Research

In recent years, researchers have discovered several new methods for using stalkerware. For example, a new variant of stalkerware called Cerberus is capable of infecting devices over Bluetooth. Cerberus can then be used to track the victim’s location, record their calls and conversations, and even take photos and videos of them without their knowledge.

New Laws and Regulations

Subsequently, governments worldwide are enacting new laws. For example, the European Union has adopted a new directive that criminalizes the use of stalkerware in the EU. The United States has also taken steps to combat stalkerware, such as creating a new task force to investigate the use of stalkerware.

New Resources Available for Stalkerware Victims

In addition to the steps you can take to protect yourself from stalkerware, there are also a number of resources available to help victims of stalkerware. These resources offer support, advice, and legal assistance.

Stalkerware Survivors Share Stories of Trauma and Resilience

Sarah, a victim of stalking by her ex-boyfriend, shares her story:

I discovered the stalkerware only after noticing unusual patterns like battery drain and phone restarts. My ex-boyfriend was tracking my location, reading my messages, and even listening to my phone calls, causing me fear and distress. After reporting the stalkerware to the company’s IT department, they removed it and took action against my former partner.

John, a victim of workplace surveillance, reveals his experience:

My boss installed stalkerware to monitor my work hours, emails, and phone calls, making me feel controlled and distrustful. Discovering the stalkerware led me to report it to the company’s IT department, which removed it and disciplined my boss. While still employed, I’m now more cautious about who I trust.

Maria, a victim of government surveillance, describes her ordeal:

Similarly, the government tracked my activities using stalkerware.Seeking help from a human rights organization, I filed a complaint, received legal assistance, and had the stalkerware removed. Continuing my fight for justice, I’m now empowered to speak up.

How to Protect Yourself from Stalkerware: A Summary

Stalkerware is a serious threat to privacy and safety. By being aware of the risks and taking steps to protect yourself, you can help to prevent yourself from becoming a victim.

Here are some additional tips to help you stay safe from stalkerware:

  • Be aware of the latest stalkerware trends: Stalkerware developers are constantly finding new ways to infect devices. It’s important to stay up-to-date on the latest trends so that you can protect yourself.
  • Talk to your friends and family about stalkerware: The more people who are aware of the risks, the less likely it is that you will become a victim.
  • Support legislation to combat stalkerware: There are a number of laws and regulations being proposed to combat stalkerware. By supporting these laws, you can help make using stalkerware more difficult.

Follow these guidelines to effectively protect yourself from stalkerware and potential harm.

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